Ordinary smartphone users typically spend around three to four hours a day browsing the web, searching for information, and engaging with various apps. These activities require fast and reliable internet access, which is supported by 4G and 4G LTE technologies. As we move into the 5G era, the next generation of wireless standards is being developed, promising not only faster mobile broadband but also the expansion of cellular technology into nearly every industry.
But where do these technical standards come from? Who creates them, and how are they maintained? Despite their huge impact on our daily lives, many people are unaware of how organizations like 3GPP shape these standards. Even within the mobile industry, there are many misconceptions about what 3GPP does and who is involved in the process.
Understanding how 3GPP develops 4G and 5G standards is becoming increasingly important. The mobile ecosystem is expanding beyond smartphones, touching industries like automotive, public safety, and the Internet of Things. More and more sectors are now closely connected to the 3GPP ecosystem, as seen in the participants at 3GPP meetings.
The transition from 4G LTE to 5G marks a major turning point in the industry. As new technologies emerge, they drive innovation across multiple sectors. Since 3GPP relies on contributions from companies like Qualcomm, it helps those companies maintain a leading role in shaping future technologies.
With 5G, the mobile ecosystem is expanding into new industries, spectrum bands, deployment models, services, and user experiences. This growth requires strong leadership from 3GPP members to guide the evolution of the cellular network in new directions.
Common Misunderstandings About 3GPP
1. 3GPP develops technical specifications, not standards. 3GPP is an engineering body that creates detailed technical specifications. These are then translated into official standards by seven regional standards organizations (SSOs) that are part of the 3GPP partnership. These SSOs also handle intellectual property policies and implementation.
2. 3GPP is a member-driven organization. Beyond managing the website, all the technical work in 3GPP comes from its global members. While group chairs are chosen from member companies, they act fairly and represent the entire organization.
3. 3GPP works in a decentralized and fragmented way, with limited overall control. In reality, 3GPP defines the full end-to-end cellular system, including devices, networks, and services. To manage the complexity, the work is divided into 16 specialized working groups (WGs), each focusing on different aspects like RF or security.
5G represents a major technological shift, offering improved performance and efficiency for today’s mobile broadband while enabling new use cases across industries. 3GPP started researching 5G in 2016, defining 5G NR (air interface) and the next-generation network architecture. At the same time, 4G LTE continues to evolve, playing a key role in future 5G networks. Both 4G LTE and 5G NR are expected to meet ITU’s IMT-2020 requirements together.
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