16 questions to give you a comprehensive understanding of 4K technology

[Home Theater Network Report 2015] At the CES Consumer Electronics Show that just ended, we saw that 4K TV has become an inevitable trend in the future. Many products including Samsung Surface 4K SUHD, LG EG9900 4K Curved OLED, LG 65-inch UF9400 Quantum Dot 4K UHD, Sony XBR-X900C Series, Sling TV, etc. have already adopted 4K or Ultra HD as standard resolution, and there are many different The smart TV platform appeared.

At present, almost all mainstream TV manufacturers on the market have already adopted 4K as a standard for new products. Whether it is Samsung, Panasonic, Sony, LG, Sharp, Panasonic or Vizio, this technology can almost be regarded as completely subverting display device painting. Quality means. 4K not only affects TV and movies, but also includes cameras, smartphones, tablets, computer monitors and games. We will see 4K in almost any area related to images or videos.

At present, it can be said that it is the most important field of TV manufacturers, and at the same time it is in its infancy, and the overall development is still the tip of the iceberg. So as an ordinary consumer, do you really understand 4K?

16 questions to give you a comprehensive understanding of 4K technology

1. What should we know about 4K?

Simply put, 4K is a resolution value, although it does not allow all consumers to understand the principle of 4K in a short time, but in the simplest terms, 4K means more pixels on the screen. .

2, 4K resolution how many pixels

There are about 8 million screen pixels in 4K, which is 4 times that of traditional 1080p TV 2 million pixels. Pixels are calculated by multiplying the horizontal pixels by the total number of pixels. Therefore, the original 1920 × 1080 HD pixels are about 2 million, while 4K has reached 8 million.

3. Why is it called 4K?

In general, the 4K naming depends on the number of horizontal pixels in the display panel, but sometimes we will see the 2160P, just like 1080P.

4, how important is the pixel

Extra pixels are very important, and more pixels mean more information and a clearer picture, making the overall visual look more advanced.

5. Is 4K the same as Ultra HD?

Technically speaking, Ultra HD is actually a concept derived from the 4K digital standard. The standard 4K resolution can reach 4096×2160 pixels locally, while the ultra HD is slightly lower with a resolution of 3840×2160 pixels.

This is why some brands or models do not use 4K tags, but rather claim to be Ultra HD Ultra HD. However, for consumers, the two resolutions are not too obvious, and the results are equally good.

6, the meaning of 4K Ultra HD

In fact, there are many reasons to make 4K TV the next area that consumers should pay attention to. For example, photographers can enjoy their work on 4K TV and pay more attention to the details of the photo through 2160p resolution.

4K is also significantly different from 1080p in terms of display details and effects. Although unlike 4D, 4K does not bring a qualitative change to the viewing style, but higher resolution can make the image more attractive. In addition, the high pixel density brought by 4K can make the structure of the image itself clearer, and users can have a more advanced experience at the same distance. However, a 4K TV size of at least 50 inches will be useful.

7. How expensive is Ultra HD TV?

Looking back at the first batch of 4K TVs, the size is really not small. Both Sony and LG have introduced the 84-inch KD-84X9005 and 84LM960V, so they seem to be unambiguous in terms of price, reaching 20,000 pounds (about 187,700 yuan) and 30,000 pounds (about 282,000 yuan). yuan). In addition, Samsung is not willing to introduce an 85-inch 4K TV that sells for 35,000 pounds (about 329,000 yuan).

However, as the screen size continues to drop, the price of 4K TVs continues to drop, and now various manufacturers have begun a "price war." You will find that you can even buy a 4K TV at a price of less than $1,000 (about RMB 6,100). However, we still remind everyone that the display panels used in different price products are not the same.

Generally speaking, the more popular models on the market, such as the Sony 65-inch 65X9005B, are priced at 3,000 pounds (about 28,000 yuan), which is the mainstream price, and will also become cheaper and cheaper.

8, 4K TV screen can be how small

In the short term, the size of the 4K TV will be optimally maintained at 55 inches or more. This is because the screen needs to have enough space to arrange so many pixels, and considering the viewing distance and the recognition ability of the human eye, the 55-inch is the smallest size of the 4K TV. If it is less than 55 inches, the image upgrade effect from 1080p to 4K is not obvious. Although high frame rate UHD broadcast signals can have a large impact on picture quality, the benefits of HFR are not limited to screen size. If the second-generation 4K UHD technology matures, the high frame rate 4K signal will further reduce the TV size.

9, the best viewing distance of 4K TV

4K Ultra HD brings a better visual experience than HD, and 4K can even bring us the same cinema effect. Old-fashioned cinemas are typically 3 to 5 screen heights, which is the most comfortable viewing distance. The best viewing distance for modern cinemas is 1.5 times the screen height, which fills the field of interest. If at home, the most comfortable viewing distance for a 65-inch 4K TV is about 1.5 meters, but it seems to be unrealistic in many homes. So if you don't want to re-place the furniture, then 2 to 3 meters also have a good effect.

10, 4K OLED prospects

OLED organic light-emitting diodes have been around for a while, but the biggest obstacle to this technology is the expensive price, which also consumes the opportunity for OLEDs to become mainstream TVs. This is actually a very big "shame" for the entire TV field. OLED TV has been top-notch in terms of color, brightness and black level performance.

Therefore, only a few companies like LG will bring 4K Ultra HD OLED TVs on the market. "I believe that 4K OLED TVs will bring higher profits and prices will gradually decrease," said K Kwon, head of LG's UK business unit. So although the current 4K OLED TV is still a very small field, it still cannot be ruled out as the mainstream TV type in the future.

11. What is the quantum dot technology that appears on CES?

To illustrate this problem, I really need a little physical knowledge. To put it simply, a quantum dot is a nanomaterial that is directly between 2 and 10 nanometers. A thin film is formed on the LED backlight of an LCD TV. When it is illuminated by a blue LED, it emits a full spectrum of light, thereby illuminating the light. Adjustment, you can fine-tune the backlight, which will greatly improve the color gamut performance and make the color more vivid. Both LG and Sony said that using quantum dot technology can increase color depth by 30% without adding additional pixels and algorithms.

At this CES, quantum dot technology was used, including LG UF9400 and Samsung SUHD curved TV. It is expected that these TVs will be launched in the second quarter of 2015.

12, 4K TV channel

There is currently no real 4K broadcast television signal in the world. However, the DVB Steering Committee has approved the first phase specification of DVB-UHDTV in July this year. By transmitting a signal of 3840×2160 pixels through a frame rate of 60 Hz and adopting an 8-bit color standard, there will be a picture quality. Greatly improved. In addition, the ETSI standard is expected to be launched soon, and there will be broadcasters starting to provide 4K signals in the future. The main problem facing the current 4K broadcast signal is that it is not compatible with the set-top boxes in most consumers' homes, so this requires a round of renewal process.

13, 4K content

YouTube currently offers a brand new 4K channel, but this also has high requirements for personal computer graphics cards, so this is not too high a reference. Perhaps you think that the lack of local 4K content is also the reason for limiting the development of 4K TV, but the effect of various techniques on 1080p is quite satisfactory.

In addition, Sony has released a number of 4K Blu-ray players, although these are interpolated by 1080p, but at least provide a wider color gamut than the standard Blu-ray. The advent of the future 2160p standard Blu-ray disc is also an inevitable trend, while Sony also provides a small range of 4K movie download service in the US market.

14. How important is HDMI 2.0 to 4K and Ultra HD?

HDMI 2.0 is the latest standard for HDMI. Although the existing HDMI 1.4 standard can also transmit 4K signals, it only supports a maximum of 30 frames, and most movie and TV broadcasters are looking for better frame rates.

HDMI 2.0 can increase bandwidth to 18Gbps, support 4K signal transmission of 50/60fps, and 12 bit 4:2:2 color (you don't need any special HDMI 2.0 to access high speed network). However, only Panasonic has introduced a TV built-in HDMI 2.0 standard interface, the model is TX-L65WT600. In addition, Philips and Samsung have introduced custom TVs that support upgrades. And Sony is also looking for another way to increase the range of 8bit 4:2:0 that HDMI 1.4 can with as high as possible. As for the effect, it remains to be seen.

15, 4K is coming, then 8K?

If 4K can provide 4x resolution of 1080p, then 8K will increase by 16 times and the screen pixels will reach an astonishing 33 million. This is an order of magnitude above any available screen, and currently only NHK Broadcasting Corporation of Japan says it plans to continue researching the technology and has already run it at the London Olympics. In addition, NHK has promised to officially send 8K signal transmissions at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

Of course, bringing 8K to the market is a huge challenge. 4K and HEVC are the best video compression technologies at present. However, 8K is more suitable for commercial applications because it requires more than 84 inches of screen to show the effect. Therefore, for the average consumer, the current 8K is still a relatively distant concept.

16. Should I start 4K TV now? Still continue to wait

This really depends on the situation. If you don't mind 4K TV now, there are still some expensive prices, then you can definitely start. If you choose the flagship product of the top manufacturers, I believe that within a few years will not be outdated. But don't forget, within two to three years, don't expect to see real 4K video content. Also, make sure your TV is using the HDMI 2.0 interface (after all, the first 4K TVs still use the HDMI 1.3 standard).

On the other hand, if you are sensitive to price, then wait a second. After all, as time goes by, the price of 4K TV will be lower and lower, and it is as easy as changing a 4K TV to change a 1080p HD TV.

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