Recently, articles related to the Internet of Things (IoT) have flooded many electronic engineering magazines. As we all know, although the services of the Internet of Things are all-encompassing, some of the basic features are similar. For example, no matter what the application of this technology is, it is certain that there is a need for continuous access to increasing amounts of data to facilitate subsequent analysis, operation, and comparison. And most of the work is completed from the data acquisition as the beginning, and the transmission to the cloud as the end.
In order to be able to connect to the cloud, a specific microcontroller (MCU) with the corresponding interface must be used as a bridge conversion-the Ethernet connection can be used to handle the wired connection, and on the wireless side, it can be through Wi-Fi, ZigBee or Bluetooth protocols. As the Internet of Things applications become more and more diverse, and each application has its own specific operating threshold. Therefore, the microcontroller needs to have more I / O expansion functions.
Figure 1: Industrial control system collects sensor array data
Figure 1 describes a simple case in detail, using a web server to collect data from the sensor array. In this application, the open source lwIP (lightweight TCP / IP protocol) platform is used to provide the TCP / IP protocol layer required for network connection. The microcontroller executes the web page code provided by the web server. Through this web page, a properly trained operator can view and analyze all the obtained data. Depending on the characteristics of the application, some data may require immediate processing (for example: in the inspection system of the factory production line, if problems are found, immediate measures are required). In this case, the system delay may cause major problems. If there is not enough time to take appropriate countermeasures, the next step may lead to serious consequences-for example, expensive mechanical equipment is damaged or nearby employees are in danger.
As mentioned earlier, the I / O resources of most microcontrollers are currently relatively limited and cannot fully meet the expectations and needs of engineers. Need to have more powerful connectivity, at the same time also need to improve computing performance. Although many IoT applications focus on the connection of a large number of long-range sensors, they focus on maintaining low power consumption and providing relatively limited data transmission. But beyond that, there are more cases that require high-speed data transmission and data processing. For example: home automation, industrial monitoring, public facilities, etc.
Most of the current microcontroller solutions on the market are focused on using the combination of functions supported by the software. In contrast to these most microcontrollers, Bridgetek's FT90X series microcontrollers use hardware to perform most functions. The traditional microcontroller platform supported by software cannot benefit from the optimization of operating performance, nor can it achieve the advantages of dense data and low latency.
Built-in advanced bridging technology is essential for 32-bit RISC microcontrollers. Because microcontrollers using this technology can provide dedicated bridges between high-speed I / Os, they are best designed to read decentralized hardware components. There is an independent operation processing unit and I / O unit interface inside the microcontroller to ensure that the instructions can be completed correctly without any delay problems. Using the proprietary FT32 internal core, it can provide true zero-wait operation, and can achieve 310 DMIPS performance when running at 100MHz. In addition to 10 Base-T (10Mbps) and 100 Base-TX (100Mbps) Ethernet connection, it also supports CAN bus, I2C, USB and many other I / O.
Returning to the previous example (shown in Figure 1), the MM900EVxA board (using the FT90X microcontroller) can implement the function of a web server and instantly process all data generated by the sensor array. On the hardware, the Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) function is implemented, and the "other devices" in the "Network" section of Windows Explorer are similar to other network connection platforms. To make the installation faster and easier, the relevant network settings can also be stored in the non-volatile memory on the MM900EVxA board, and the data will be stored in the lwIP database. The HTTPD application reads static and server internal files from the virtual file system. The HTTPD application is used to process the internal files of the server, and the added data is processed through the application's call-back function.
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