(Original title: What Happens If China Makes First Contact?)
Netease Technology News November 15 news, according to foreign media reports, China built the world's largest 500-meter spherical telescope (FAST) in the karst mountain area of ​​Guizhou Province, one of the purposes It is to receive information from extraterrestrial civilization. A few days ago, the "Atlantic Monthly" senior deputy editor Ross Anderson visited here and had an in-depth exchange with the famous Chinese science fiction writer Liu Cixin to discuss different views on the dark forest rule.
In January last year, the Chinese Academy of Sciences invited Liu Xixin, a splendid science fiction writer from China, to visit the latest national-level spherical radio telescope in the southwest region. This giant telescope is currently the world’s largest radio telescope, and its width is almost twice that of the telescope in Puerto Rico, the Arecibo Observatory. The accuracy of this Big Mac is so high that it can be detected by a spy satellite even if it does not transmit signals externally. But it is mainly for scientific research, but also has an extraordinary role: the first device on Earth to monitor the signal of alien civilization. This means that if the information of alien intelligent organisms comes from space in the next decade, China will probably hear it first.
From this point of view, it is not surprising that Liu Cixin was invited to visit this radio telescope. He has a very strong appeal for exploring the universe in China. The National Space Administration of China sometimes invites him to participate in various scientific investigations. Liu Cixin is a well-deserved leader in the field of science fiction in China. Many Chinese science fiction writers are accustomed to calling it "Liu Liu." In the past few years, engineers at the National Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have been telling Liu Cixin about the progress of the construction of this large-scale radio telescope. It also shows how Liu Cixin is inspiring their work.
Illustration: Giant spherical radio telescope in the mountains of Guizhou
But I have to say that inviting Liu Cixin to visit this device is also a strange choice. In his book there is a lot about the risk of contact with alien civilization. He warned that "the emergence of other intelligent species" may be coming soon and may lead to the extermination of human beings. In a book's postscript, he wrote: "Maybe after ten thousand years, the sky staring at humanity will remain silent. But maybe when we wake up from sleep again, we will see that the earth's orbit is hovering like Moon-sized alien spacecraft."
In recent years, Liu Cixin has ranked among the world's leading writers. In 2015, his science fiction "Three-body" won the Hugo Award for Best Long Story. Barack Obama once told the New York Times that the first of the three-body trilogy brought him a new kind of cosmology during his presidency. Liu Cixin also told me that Obama’s staff had asked him to provide a sample of the third book.
At the end of the second part, a protagonist in the book described the core idea of ​​the trilogy. He said that no civilization should declare its existence to the universe. When other civilizations in the Universe realize that this civilization exists, they will be regarded as a potential threat. All the Universe civilizations will eliminate the competitors until they encounter a highly skilled competitor who will eliminate them. This cruel view of the universe is called the "dark forest rule" because it imagines every civilization in the universe as a hunter hidden in the dark forest and listens to the voices of potential opponents.
The episode of Liu Cixin's Trilogy trilogy began in the late 1960s when a young Chinese woman sent messages to nearby galaxies. The civilization that received the information began a centuries-long plan to enter the Earth, but the woman did not care about the survival of human beings. The particles emitted by the alien civilization disrupted the Earth's particle accelerator and prevented any development in basic physics. The world's development speed has been greatly slowed down.
Science fiction is sometimes called future literature, but historical allegories are still one of its main models. Isaac Asimov's "Base" is based on classical Romans, and Frank Herbert's "Sand Dune" borrows from the history of Bedouin Arabs. However, Liu Cixin is not willing to associate his book with reality. He also told me that his creation was inspired and influenced by the history of the earth civilization, especially the "more advanced technology civilization and the aboriginal encounter." Such encounters often occurred in the 19th century, when China in Asia remained closed, but with the arrival of the European sea empire, once the great heavenly state no longer exists.
This summer, I went to China to visit this newly completed observatory. Before I visited Beijing, I met with Liu Cixin. I chatted endlessly with him about the adaptation of the "Three Body" into a movie. “People want it to be the Chinese version of Star Wars,†he said, looking helpless. The shooting of the film has already ended in mid-2015 and is still in post-production. The entire effects team was even replaced during this period. "When it comes to making science fiction movies, our system is not mature enough," said Liu Cixin.
I used the object of Liu Cixin as the most important thinker in China in contact with the alien civilization, but I also want to know what will happen when I visit the new radio telescope. After the translator conveyed my question, Mr. Liu stopped smoking and laughed.
He said: "It looks like it is beyond the scope of science fiction."
A week later, I took the high-speed rail from Shanghai and headed south along an elevated railroad. I saw the high-rise buildings on both sides of the building obscure and receded. Each city's mega-buildings were filled with countless windows. From 2011 to 2013, the amount of cement concrete poured in China was greater than that of the United States throughout the 20th century. China has already started building railways in Africa and hopes that the domestic high-speed railways can be extended to Europe and even reach North America through the Bering Strait tunnel.
Illustration: China's famous science fiction writer Liu Cixin
As the train headed inland, skyscrapers and cranes began to dwindle. The train shuttles between the verdant rice fields and the low mist. It is easy to think of ancient China. At that time, China spread the word to all parts of Asia; brought metal coins, banknotes, and gunpowder into human life; and built river trunks that are still irrigating terraces. When all the way to the west, the hills near the railway are getting steeper and steeper, and the hills are getting higher and higher until I have to lean against the windows to see the whole mountain. Every once in a while, Hans Zimmer’s bass scores and the station stop sounds. When the two trains met, the windows were full of dazzling white light, and the glass buzzed with the buzzing sound of the train at high speeds.
At noon, the train arrived at Guiyang Railway Station. This is the capital of Guizhou Province, one of the poorest and most remote provinces in China. Guiyang High Speed ​​Rail Station is a flashy sponge-like building. The social transformation driven by the government seems to be under way. The sign of persuading smoking inside the station can be seen everywhere. The speakers repeatedly remind passengers to “maintain good atmosphereâ€. When an elderly man suddenly plugged into the railway, a security guard pulled him in front of hundreds of people.
The next morning, I walked through the hotel lobby and saw the driver who took me to the Observatory. The entire journey lasted for four hours. After two hours of driving, he got off the rain and walked to farmland thirty meters away. An old woman was harvesting rice in the fields. The driver asked her about the direction of the observatory 100 kilometers away. Because of the lack of language, after the two sides repeatedly communicated intermittently, the old woman took her scythe in one direction.
We set off again, passing through a small village, more than a motorcycle and pedestrians by the roadside. The eaves of some buildings along the road have been upturned for centuries; others are new, and the residents have been relocated here from the Observatory.
Even in the scientific community, the search for extraterrestrial civilization (SETI) is often often ridiculed as a religious mysticism. About 20 years ago, the U.S. Congress rejected a U.S. plan to seek extraterrestrial civilization with a budget amendment proposed by Sen. Richard Bryan of Nevada. Brian pointed out that he hopes this will be the end of “spending taxpayers’ money for the Mars hunting seasonâ€. To some extent, this can also explain why China, instead of the United States, built the first radio observation station, one of the main scientific purposes of searching for extraterrestrial civilization.
Searching for extraterrestrial civilization does have some similarities with religion. Its motive is also the deepest human desire for connection and transcendence. It focuses on issues of human origin, the original creativity of nature, and the future of our future in this universe, all of which occur when traditional religions have become unconvincing to many people. However, it is not clear whether the search for extraterrestrial civilization will help explain this, nor is it clear why the US Congress decided to no longer fund the search for extraterrestrial civilization. Because the government was willing to spend hundreds of millions of dollars to explore such unclear phenomena as black holes and gravitational waves. These expensive and long-lasting tasks start when the goal is only a probabilistic one. As Darwin expressed, the evolution of intelligent life on the earth is not a speculative possibility. In fact, the search for extraterrestrial civilization may be the most interesting scientific plan proposed by Darwinism.
Even without U.S. government funding, the enthusiasm for global search for extraterrestrial civilization is rising. Today's radio telescope technology can bring distant stars to humans, and we can also see planets orbiting them. The next generation of observing technologies is under development. With new technologies, our observations will be able to penetrate into the atmosphere of these planets. Researchers searching for extraterrestrial civilization have been prepared for this. In the process, they may become future thinkers. They are already imagining the technologies that advanced civilizations may use, as well as the signs they generate in the observable universe. They have already discovered how chemical traces of man-made pollutants are found in emptiness. They know how to screen the vast universe of stars and resolve the planets from the afterglow of supernova explosion waves.
In 2015, Russian billionaire Yuri Milner spent $100 million to fund the SETI program led by UC Berkeley scientists. The team performed more observations in one day than it did in one full year a decade ago. In 2016, Milner sponsored 100 million U.S. dollars for interplanetary exploration missions. The project built a giant array of lasers deep in the Chilean desert. The beam of light that it sends will push multiple ultra-thin detectors to the Alpha Centauri in four light years. Scientists can carefully observe the Alpha Centauri planet through the detector. Milner told me that the probe's camera may be able to tell the continents on the planet. The team simulated the launch of such a beam and noticed a striking resemblance to the mysterious “rapid radio burst†that earth astronomers often discovered, suggesting that they may have been generated by similar giant laser arrays. It is also to explore other parts of the universe.
Andrew Siemion, head of Milner's research team, is actively studying the possibility of extraterrestrial civilization. When China’s giant radio telescope was not yet completed, Simeon went to visit. He warmly welcomed China’s accession to the radio observatory network and laid the groundwork for joint international observations. These observatories will collaborate on SETI research and its facilities are widely distributed. Australia, New Zealand and South Africa. Last fall, when I joined a radio observation station in West Virginia to join Simeon’s project, he was particularly excited about China’s radio telescope. He said that this is the world's most sensitive telescope that can detect "often considered to be the most likely spectrum of alien transmitters."
Before I came to China, Simeon told me that the road around the Observatory was hard to find, but he said that when my cell phone lost signal, it was not far from the destination. Disable any radio transmission near the radio parabolic antenna to prevent scientists from mistakenly treating electromagnetic interference as the information transmitted in the deep space of the universe. Even so, the observatory's supercomputer still receives billions of false positives, most of which are caused by human disturbances.
When my cell phone signal finally began to fade, my driver was about to reach his destination. At this point we have left Guiyang for five hours and the sky is getting dark. The surrounding area is a laminated mountain like the film "Avatar". The mountain breeze passes over the bamboo sea and sways like a huge green feather. When my cell phone was completely out of signal, a heavy rain fell from the sky and hit the front windshield.
A week before Guiyang, I visited an ancient viewing platform with Liu Cixin. After the Ming Dynasty moved the Chinese capital to Beijing in 1442, Ming Chengzu Zhu Xi broke ground on a new astronomical observatory near the Forbidden City and built this stargazing platform. Its height exceeds 40 feet and its castle-like structure houses China's most precious astronomical instrument.
No civilization on the earth has a Chinese heritage like this in astronomy. Here, astronomy was first used by the emperor of China to prove the political legitimacy granted by the "Mandate of Heaven." Over 3,500 years ago, Chinese astronomers used pictograms to record various types of cosmic phenomena on turtle backs and bovine bones. The earliest known eclipse record was from Oracle. At the time, this could well be interpreted as a sign of disaster, such as the imminent invasion of the enemy.
Liu Cixin and I sat beside the black marble table in the stone courtyard of the Ancient Observatory. Hundreds of years of tall pine trees towered over the dim sunshine under the sky in Beijing. On the side of the yard is a round red door, a staircase leads to an observation platform similar to the turret, which includes a huge celestial sphere supported by several bronze-casting dragons. In 1900, when the Eight-Power Allied Army entered Beijing, the star ball was stolen. The German and French forces crowded in the yard where Da Liu and I were sitting, and removed dozens of equally valuable astronomical instruments.
The instrument was eventually returned, but the tingling afflictions of the entire incident remained lingering. This period is still a “humiliating century†for China. This is the lowest valley where China has fallen from the peak of the Ming dynasty. When the ancient observatory was built, China could regard itself as a lonely survivor of the civilization of the Bronze Age, including the Babylonians, Mycenaeans, and even other ancient civilizations such as the ancient Egyptians that no longer existed. Western poets often see the remains of the latter as a manifestation of a splendid civilization, but today there is no survival. However, China’s civilization has lasted for thousands of years. The emperors ruled the largest and most complex social organization on the planet. They demanded neighboring countries, Nagung, to allow local rulers to send special envoys to Beijing to kneel down in front of the emperor.
In the first volume of China Science and Civilization, published in 1954, the British sinologist Joseph Needham once asked why the scientific revolution did not take place in China during the development process of thousands of years ago. Joseph Needham believes that this is due to the fact that its large elite intellectual group is based on eight imperial examinations. This question was later called the "Needham problem." Voltaire also thought about why Chinese mathematicians have stagnated in geometry, for which he accused Confucianism of placing too much emphasis on tradition. Other historians have attributed it to the fact that China’s political situation is too stable. Compared to Europe, the long-term and stable rule of the mainland has correspondingly less technological vitality. In Europe, more than a dozen countries are crowded into a small area and there are always conflicts. As we know from the "Manhattan Project," the risk of war helps strengthen the emphasis on science.
Others believe that China’s curiosity about civilization outside its own borders is insufficient. It is worth noting that ancient China seems to have very little speculation about extraterrestrial life. This lack of curiosity is said to explain why China stagnated in the exploration of the ocean in the late Middle Ages, while Europe in the same period passed through the layers of the Middle Ages and reached the era of great navigation. Regardless of the reasons, China had far behind the West in science and technology. In 1793, King George III built a ship using the most advanced technology of the British Empire and sent it to China, but was rejected by the emperor. The emperor said that he thought that the British trinkets were "useless." Nearly half a century later, Britain came back and sold opium to China. The Chinese emperor refused again and set off a vigorous anti-smoking campaign. Eventually, about 2 million pounds worth of British opium was destroyed at the beach. The British launched the Opium War. This time, the British Navy's warships defeated the Qing Dynasty without any effort and forced the emperor to sign the "unequal treaties." Afterwards, the European countries arrived at each other. After the French established the Vietnamese colony, they joined the ranks of "partitioning China."
At the same time, Japan, once a “younger brother†of China, reacted completely differently to Western aggression and quickly realized the modernization of the navy. When the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1894, the Northern Fleet was annihilated, and this was only a prelude to Japan’s invasion of China in the middle of the 20th century.
During the First World War, China received increasing humiliation, while the United States took the opportunity to rise. During the First World War, China sent 200,000 workers to the west to support the Allied forces. After the war, Chinese diplomats arrived in Versailles and hoped that China would at least be free from unequal treaties. However, the result was counterproductive. China could only sit on an equal footing with small countries such as Greece and Siam and watched Western powers divide the global interests.
After the 1980s, Chinese leaders showed almost obsessed admiration for science and technology. This is an important emotion in Chinese society and culture today. After more than a decade of hard work, China is catching up with the United States in R&D, despite the fact that the quality of its research remains uneven.
In any case, China now has learned how to use powerful scientific achievements to establish national prestige. At that time, when Russia put the first satellite and the first astronaut into space, when the United States astronauts inserted the stars and stripes on the moon, the once “Shangchao Shangguo†could only stand by.
To a certain extent, China is more focused on applied science. It created the fastest supercomputer in the world, invested heavily in medical research, and built a "green wall" in the northwest to block the spread of the desert. Now that China is investing substantial resources in basic science, it plans to build a Large Hadron Collider and rescue tens of thousands of “God Particles†from the ether. In addition, exploring the Mars plan is also brewing, and in the 21st century science picture, there is nothing more symbolic of the rise of China than the Chinese astronaut's high-definition lens on the red planet. Of course, there is the first contact with the alien civilization.
At a security checkpoint 16 kilometers from this giant spherical radio telescope, I had a guard. He locked the phone in a safe and guided me through the metal detector door to prevent any other electronic equipment on the body. Another guard took me through a narrow passageway and climbed a more than 800-level mountain road through a stairway filled with cargo and passed through a buzzing blue plutonium to the platform overlooking the observatory. .
Until the last few months of his death last September, radio astronomer Nan Rendong was always the scientific leader and soul figure of the Observatory. It was Nan Rendong’s decision to create this giant radio telescope for the search for extraterrestrial civilization. He participated from the start of the project. In the early 1990s, he used satellite imagery to pick hundreds of candidate locations in the deep valleys of the Karst mountainous region of China.
In addition to the afterglow of the Big Bang, radio waves are the weakest form of electromagnetic radiation. Within a year, the total radio wave energy captured by the Earth Observatory was less than a single snowflake gently falling on exposed soil. Collecting these ethereal signals requires absolute radio silence. This is why China plans to set up a radio telescope on the back of the moon one day. Technically, this place is quieter than anywhere on Earth. This is why in the past century, the Radio Astronomy Institute has generally set up a blank space between the cities on the earth; this is why Nanrendong has been relentlessly searching for construction sites in remote karst mountains. These limestone peaks are jagged and covered with subtropical vegetation. They rise from the surface and form a natural barrier that protects the Observatory from wind and radio noise.
After the candidate location was confirmed, Nanrendong began to walk to each site for inspection. When he walks into the center of Big Wolves, he finds himself at the bottom of a roughly symmetrical bowl-shaped valley surrounded by a nearly perfect green mountain range. These are formed during the process of lifting and erosion of the geological structure. After spending more than 20 years and costing 180 million U.S. dollars, Nanrendong placed a 500-meter-long “Viewing Sky Giant Eye†here and directed the radio telescope to be launched by supernova “Guest Starâ€. Radio waves, astronomers in China had recorded its unusual brightness as early as the millennium ago when a supernova broke out.
After calibration, the radio telescope will begin to scan most of the sky. Andrew Siemion's research team is working with the Chinese to develop an instrument to process these scans as part of human exploration of the universe.
Simeon told me he likes to study dense stars in the center of the galaxy. He said: “For an advanced civilization, this is a very interesting birthplace. The number of stars and the presence of supermassive black holes constitute the ideal conditions for setting up a bunch of detectors around the Galaxy.†adopted by Simeon. The processing algorithms can process billions of rays of data, and billions of stars are the "beacons" that emit rays.
Liu Cixin told me that he doubted whether this radio telescope could search for a civilized signal. In the kind of dark forest universe that he imagined in The Three Body, no civilization would take the initiative to signal unless it was a “death monumentâ€, a powerful broadcast that declared the sender’s imminent extinction. If a civilization is about to be invaded by another civilization, or burned by gamma rays, or destroyed for other natural reasons, it may use the last energy reserve to rush to the nearest civilization.
Even if Da Liu is right, China’s giant radio telescope has the value of detecting extraterrestrial civilization. It has a very high sensitivity, enough to hear radio whispering from extraterrestrial civilizations, and whispers that are not heard. Like radar waves that are constantly emitted when an aircraft flies over the surface of the earth. If the civilization in the universe is indeed a silent hunter, it may be wise for us humans to detect this "leakage" of radio radiation. Many stars in the night sky may be surrounded by planets that emit a faint glow. After the civilizations on it invented radio technology, it is possible to emit radio waves outside the planet before they realize the risk of doing so. Previous observatories often searched only a few stars. China’s giant radio telescope can search tens of thousands of stars.
In Beijing, I told Mr. Liu that I still had hope for the extraterrestrial civilization that I might encounter. I told him that I think the dark forest rule is based on a narrow understanding of history. It is only a general act deduced from the collision of Chinese and Western civilizations. However, Liu Cixin confidently replied that the past between China and the West represented a bigger model. In history, it is easy to find examples of the use of advanced technologies to oppress other civilizations. The situation is too numerous to mention. He said: "This is also true of China's long feudal society," which is the long-term rule of neighboring countries.
However, even if this model was extended to the entire history of mankind, even if it was extended to the prehistoric dark age, it extended to the death of Neanderthals after their contact with modern people, there was still not much inference about the progress of civilization at the Galaxy scale. Reference significance. For a civilization that has learned to live on the time scale of the universe, the entire existence of mankind is only a moment in the long dawn. After only a few million years of development, mankind has created various types of weapons, putting the entire species at risk. The weaponry of advanced civilization may far exceed us. No civilization can continue for tens of millions of years without learning peace of mind.
I told Liu Cixin that the relative youth of our civilization may mean that we are a special case of the entire civilization, not a platonic case. The galaxy has been alive for billions of years. It is almost certain that any civilization that we come into contact with will be even longer and smarter.
In addition, so far, there is no evidence in the night sky that advanced civilization will regard expansion as the first principle. SETI researchers have begun searching for civilizations that send information to all directions. If, as expected, they are consuming a lot of energy, these civilizations will emit an infrared light, but they can't see anything in our all-weather scan. Perhaps through 100 billion stars, the rapid propagation of information will be disturbed, or perhaps the distribution of civilization in the entire galaxy is not uniform, just as humans are not evenly distributed on the earth. However, the current situation is that at present humans have searched for nearly 100,000 galaxies near the solar system, but they have yet to find an extraterrestrial civilization.
Some SETI researchers want to know the hidden patterns of civilized expansion. They studied the feasibility of the "Genesis Detector", which can sow microorganisms on a planet's surface, or accelerate the evolution of its surface, by initiating methods similar to the Cambrian Big Bang. Some people even look for evidence by analyzing information encoded in human DNA to prove that such a Genesis detector may have visited the Earth. After all, DNA is the most powerful information storage medium known to the scientific community. However, this idea has also failed. In fact, the concept of civilization expansion may be human-centered.
Liu Cixin did not admit this. For him, the absence of these signals is only strong evidence that the civilization of the universe is good at hiding. He told me that our thinking about other civilizations is limited. He said: "Especially for civilizations that may have lasted for millions or billions of years. Especially when we want to know why they don't use certain technologies to spread in galaxies, we might be like spiders want to know Why do humans not use spider webs to catch insects?†said Liu Cixin. In any case, an ancient civilization that has achieved internal peace may still behave like a hunter, partly because it has mastered how to “understand each other at the level of the universeâ€. "And know that misunderstandings may exist."
If we encounter a post-biological artificial intelligence that has already controlled the planet, the first contact will be more difficult. This civilized worldview may have a dual alienation. It may not be sympathetic. This is not an essential feature of wisdom but a specific evolutionary history and the emotions brought about by culture. The logic behind its behavior may be beyond the power of human imagination. According to three researchers at Oxford University, it may have turned the entire planet into a supercomputer and may find it impossible to perform real long-term calculations because it finds that the current universe is overheated. It may be hidden in human observations and dormancy continues for hundreds of millions of years until the universe has expanded and cooled to a temperature that is suitable for more calculations.
When I climbed the last step of the observation platform, the earth itself seemed to buzz like a super computer. This was because the loud sound of insects on the mountain was amplified by the sound effects of this mega-architecture. The first thing I noticed was not the Observatory, but the surrounding karst landscape. The peaks appear in all sorts of weird shapes, just as the Mayans built numerous giant pyramids in hundreds of square miles. They were all covered in vegetation, extending in all directions and extending to the horizon. The mountains nearby are close to dark green, while the ridges in the distance look bluer.
Among the rolling valleys is a spectacular array of radio parabolic antennas. It has five football fields and its depth is enough to provide two bowls of rice for everyone on Earth. This is an example of contemporary technology. Its vastness reminds me of the Bingham copper mine in Utah, but there is no such crude industrial atmosphere as copper. The entire radio-parabolic antenna is like God's perfect circular fingertips pressed against the glossy silver mark left on the Earth's outer shell.
I sat in the rain for an hour. Dark clouds drifted across the sky and sparkled on the antenna array of the Observatory. Thousands of its aluminum triangles bring a mosaic-like effect: some become bright silver and others become light bronze. If a distant civilization sends a signal that will soon arrive here, then this signal may be captured by the metal on the planet. Radio waves can enter the receiver through the antenna array. And scientists will do their best to analyze and verify information.
In Beijing, I had asked Liu Cixin to set aside his dark forest rule. I asked him to imagine that the Chinese Academy of Sciences called to tell him that he had found a signal.
How will he answer the message from the civilization of the universe? He said he will avoid too detailed description of human history. "It's very dark," he said. "This may make us look more threatening." In the novel "blindness" in Peter Watts's first contact with extraterrestrial civilization, it was only mentioned too much. The individual is enough to make us think that it is an existential threat. I reminded Liu Cixin that distant civilizations may be able to observe the glow of atomic bombs in the Earth's atmosphere. They are just like any advanced civilization, and they only observe life-friendly habitats. In other words, whether we disclose our history may not be our own.
However, Liu Cixin told me that even if there is no world war, the first contact with alien civilization will lead to human conflict, which is a popular metaphor in science fiction. In last year’s Oscar-nominated movie Arrival, the sudden appearance of extraterrestrial civilization inspired the formation of a doomsday cult, which almost triggered a war between the world’s great powers. They were eager to gain an advantage in the competition to understand the extraterrestrial Civilized information. Da Liu’s pessimism also has realistic evidence: When Ecuador’s “World Wars†simulated alien invasion of radio broadcasts in Ecuador in 1949, it triggered a riot that killed six people. "We are very vulnerable to conflicts that seem to be easy to resolve," Liu Cixin told me.
Civilizations outside of the country have come. Even if there is no geopolitical conflict, humans will undergo a fierce cultural transformation because every belief system on the earth is in contact with the first type (refers to a part of the human body that touches something on the UFO, or near The conflict with the fact of witnessing UFO legacy marks). Buddhists will be relaxed: their beliefs already carry countless ancient and vast universes, and every corner of the universe is filled with vibrational energy of life. The Hindu universe is equally grand and rich. The Koran mentions Allah's "creation of heaven and earth and the spread of life through them." The Jews believe that the power of God is infinite, and of course nothing can instigate his creation of the earth.
Christianity may be more difficult. There is a debate in contemporary Christian theology that whether the divine grace of Christ extends to every soul in the vast universe, or whether the sinful inhabitants of distant planets need their own deities to intervene. The Vatican seems particularly keen to incorporate extraterrestrial life into its teachings. This makes us feel that another scientific revolution may be coming.
Similarly, secular humanists will not be sober for the first contact. Copernicus uses the heliocentric theory to pull humans out of the center of the universe and Darwin pulls humans back into the animal kingdom. But even within this framework, human beings have always regarded themselves as the pinnacle of natural evolution. We continue to cruelly treat "lower" creatures. We are surprised to find that existence itself is to use the simplest materials and axioms to maintain life like ours. In the words of Carl Sagan, we have already flattered ourselves because we are "the way the universe understands itself." In worldly terms, we have created God in our own image.
Perhaps one day we will be humbled by the discovery of countless civilizations. In the long evolutionary journey, we will join a more ancient civilization network at the cosmological scale. We will receive from them a true education on the history of civilization and discover those young civilizations, ancient civilizations, or extinct civilizations. We may see artworks on the galactic scale that carry a civilization of millions of years. We may be required to participate in scientific observations that can only be coordinated by multiple civilizations separated by hundreds of light years. We may recognize this in the natural world that we cannot understand now. We may know a new kind of metaphysics. If we are lucky, we will understand a new code of ethics. We will be freed from the coexistence of human existentialism. In this dark forest, the first light we receive will also illuminate our world. (晗冰)
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