The 16-character principle of "science demonstration, demonstration first, independent innovation, and solid progress" is the basic principle for the development of UHV power grids. With the continuous deepening of the demonstration work, the scientific discussion of the UHV has also been continuously formed: there is no insurmountable technical problem with UHV; UHV has good economic performance; UHV is in line with China's national conditions;
On January 9, 2006, General Secretary Hu Jintao emphasized at the National Science and Technology Conference that, in key areas related to the lifeline of the national economy and national security, real core technologies and key technologies cannot be bought and must rely on independent innovation. It is necessary to make the enterprise truly become the main body of research and development investment, the main body of technological innovation activities and the main body of application of innovation results, and comprehensively enhance the ability of independent innovation of enterprises.
On April 19, 2006, Premier Wen Jiabao paid a visit to the 1000 kV UHV AC transmission technology exhibition that the State Grid Corporation of China is developing at the exhibition on the protection of intellectual property rights in China. He pointed out: “We have a large electricity consumption in such a large country. Advanced technologies should be adopted and developed."
Following the strong voice of the times, the ardent expectations of the party and government have become the inexhaustible driving force for the State Grid Corporation to seek to leapfrog.
August 19, 2006, this day will surely go down in history. The foundation of the UHV test demonstration project in China was laid, and the power industry once again stood at a new starting point for development.
This is a leap in the development of the power grid. The dreams of several generations of power grids are now becoming a reality. The development mode of China's power grids has opened a new chapter. The "big play" with UHV as the focus and coordinated development of power grids at all levels has kicked off.
This is a leap of scientific spirit. More than 2,000 scientists and technicians, including more than 30 academicians and more than 300 professors, took part... The almost exacting scientific attitude was demonstrated in every aspect of the demonstration, research, and construction process.
This is a leap in independent innovation. China's power grid technology and electrical equipment manufacturing will not have to follow the trend of large Western countries and multinational companies. The ability of innovation and the level of innovation will be fully enhanced. China's power grid is beginning to reach the peak of the world's science and technology.
This is a leap in China's energy development. With the foundation of the UHV test demonstration project, the new energy structure in China has begun to emerge. The efficient allocation of energy resources across the country has become possible, and UHV provides a strong barrier to China's energy security.
This is a breakthrough accomplished with a mission and loyalty. The builders use their own actions to practice the spirit of the national grid of “strive to surpass and pursue excellenceâ€.
The UHV is the crystallization of ideological emancipation, theoretical innovation, and courage to practice; the UHV is a combination of the wisdom of light and the spirit of science; UHV is the choice of history, reality, and the future!
Breakthrough: Reflections on Energy Dilemmas
The construction of UHV power grids is a reasonable “handling†of energy, and it is also an active responsibility for historical responsibility...
Breakthroughs in history often begin with the predicament of reality.
In Changsha, candles are out of stock; in Hangzhou, temporary traffic lights are activated; national power cuts from South China, East China and North China are limited...
People cannot forget that less than three years after the wheel of history entered the new century, our country has suffered a "labor pain" of lack of electricity.
What goes hand in hand with power shortages is the overall tension in coal supply and transportation. Electricity supply has become the focus of attention of all sectors of society. With shortages or surpluses, our country's electricity oscillates back and forth between the two. People can not help but ask: As a symbol of industrial civilization, China's electric power development can not get out of this vicious circle?
At the end of 2004, the Sanguang DC project was in the process of acceptance.
In the swift Chinese bus, warm conversation caused people to forget the journey. Liu Zhenya, party secretary and general manager of the State Grid Corporation of China, put forward a well-thought-out proposal to the leaders of the National Development and Reform Commission of the same vehicle: “The weak power grid is an important cause of power shortages, and we must fundamentally solve the problem of “gripping†of the power grid. Our country should carry out the construction of UHV power grids, which is a key to solving the problem of coal, electricity and oil transportation."
The proposal was approved by Ma Kai, the deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, and Zhang Guobao, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission. At the follow-up inspection and concluding meeting, Ma Kai emphasized that UHV is a very good idea and method for solving energy problems, and proposed that "in the power planning to study and consider."
"Ultra High Voltage", the long-awaited word, first appeared in the eyes of policymakers.
According to Ohm's law, the power industry has two ways to increase the transport capacity: lower resistance and higher voltage. The prospects for the former's actual application are still ambiguous. Therefore, the increase in voltage has become an important symbol of the continuous progress of the electric power industry. China's UHV refers to the exchange of 1000 kV and DC ±800 kV voltage levels, which will greatly enhance the transmission capacity of China's power grid.
The construction of an UHV power grid is not an improvisation proposal, but rather a prudent proposal made by the party group of the State Grid Corporation after making a comprehensive and in-depth consideration of the energy structure in China.
In recent years, the problem of the shortage of coal, electricity, and oil in China has been caused by the unbalanced pattern of energy allocation, especially the unbalanced distribution of resources and productivity. Among them, the tension in oil is caused by the shortage of resources; the tension in coal and electricity transportation is caused by the development of electricity in the pursuit of local regional balance. The essence of the problem of power development is the lack of understanding of the functional positioning of the power grid, the lack of long-term investment in the power grid, and the lag in development, resulting in insufficient capacity for optimizing the allocation of energy resources.
Liu Zhenya, who has been working in electric power, is keenly aware that such a development approach is not in line with China’s national conditions and cannot meet the requirements for sustainable energy development in China.
China is a country where the distribution of primary energy and electricity load is extremely uneven. Western energy is abundant. More than two-thirds of the country's economically exploitable hydropower resources are distributed in Sichuan, Tibet, and Yunnan. More than two-thirds of coal resources are distributed in Shanxi, Shaanxi, and western Inner Mongolia.
However, experts predict that by 2020 China’s total electricity consumption will increase by 3.25 trillion kWh compared to 2000, of which more than two-thirds are concentrated in the central and eastern regions. Most of these areas lack primary energy. With the westward and northward shift of national energy development, and the gradual depletion of resources in the eastern old mining areas, the energy transmission distance between the energy producing areas and the energy consumption areas is getting farther and farther and the scale is increasing. The distance between the western energy base and the eastern load center is between 500 and 2000 kilometers.
The economy of our country is developing at a high speed and the power load is growing rapidly. At present, the 500-kilovolt power grid has begun to suffer from insufficient transportation capacity and tight transmission corridors. The existing ultra-high voltage transmission technology cannot meet the needs of future power growth, and must accelerate the development of the power grid and technological innovation, and drive the construction of higher-voltage-rated power grids. The structural optimization and scientific development of the power industry meet the sustained and rapid economic and social development.
Lu Yanchang, Chairman of the China Electrical Engineering Society, used several sets of figures to explain the advantages of the UHV power grid: The transmission power of a 1000 kV UHV AC transmission line is close to 5 million kilowatts, which is about 4 to 5 times that of a 500 kilovolt line; ±800 kV DC UHV transmission capacity of up to 6.4 million kilowatts is more than twice the ± 500 kilovolt line. At the same time, UHV AC lines can deliver up to 3 times the farthest transmission distance while delivering the same power, while the loss is only 25% to 40% of the 500 kV line. Conveying the same power, using 1000 kV line transmission compared to 500 kV lines can save 60% of the land resources.
According to Dr. Tang Yuan, director of the Department of Industry and Trade Research of the State Council, the main line for future power development should adjust the power development structure according to the “three major and one special†train of thought for large coal-fired power stations, large hydropower bases, large nuclear power bases, and special high-voltage power grids. The construction of ultra-high voltage power grids can promote the transformation of coal power stations in-situ and the large-scale development of hydropower, forming the advantages of centralized development. It is the key to improving energy utilization efficiency, ensuring energy security, and effectively solving the problem of extremely uneven distribution of China's energy resources and power load distribution.
When optimizing the allocation of energy resources across the country becomes an inevitable and urgent choice, high-voltage, large-capacity, long-distance, low-loss power transmission grids are closely linked to this need.
On December 27, 2004, Liu Zhenya elaborated on the necessity, feasibility and urgency of developing the UHV power grid at the extended meeting of the State Grid Corporation of China.
Liu Zhenya believes that the construction of UHV power grids is the fundamental guarantee for implementing the scientific concept of development to meet the growing power demand, and is an inevitable choice to improve the overall efficiency and efficiency of the power industry, and is to realize optimal allocation of resources and promote energy in China. The basic approach to efficient development and utilization is an important condition for cultivating and developing the national electricity market. It is a major initiative for the independent innovation of the electric power industry and is of great significance for the promotion of sustainable economic and social development and the building of a well-off society in an all-round way.
The idea of ​​building an UHV power grid is clear and clear.
On the same day, State Grid Corporation of China established the Leading Group for UHV grid projects.
The idea of ​​building a strong national power grid with the focus on UHV power grids and the coordinated development of power grids at all levels has immediately raised the attention and strong support from the party and government as well as from all walks of life.
The National Development and Reform Commission has conducted serious research on the development of the UHV power grid and has actively supported it. On February 16, 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Conducting Pre-research Work on the Million-volt-class AC and ± 800,000 Volt-class HVDC Transmission Technologies." The preliminary study of the UHV project entered a substantive stage. On a series of major issues such as pre-research, technical demonstration, and localization of equipment, the National Development and Reform Commission held several meetings, unified deployment, and active promotion.
Departments of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, China Machine Link, and China Electric Power Union also attach great importance to the UHV transmission project and provide support and guidance in many aspects of research and demonstration.
Economists regard the UHV power grid as a step-by-step approach to ease the tension in coal, electricity and oil transportation and crack the energy chessboard in China; Eastern developed provinces regard the UHV power grid as the cornerstone for ensuring energy security and ensuring the sustained and stable development of the regional economy; The western provinces believe that UHV is a powerful propeller that transforms resource advantages into economic advantages and realizes leap-forward development.
It is under the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council that the UHV has gradually become a reality under the utmost support of all sectors of society. For the State Grid Corporation of China, the development of an UHV power grid is undoubtedly a "handling" of energy. At the same time, it actively shoulders arduous social responsibilities.
Argument: Leading a Scientific Spirit
To the surprise of the experts, the argumentation material placed before each person was half a meter thick on the venue. Full research and rigorous verification have become the most effective means of communication...
“Is it necessary to build a UHV power grid in China?†“How economical is the UHV power grid?†“Is the safety of UHV grids guaranteed?†“At present, there are no commercial UHV power grids in the world, relying on our own Is ability feasible?"...
Every innovation is a breakthrough to the tradition and will always receive attention from all sides. The construction of the Three Gorges Project is the same as the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and construction of the UHV power grid is no exception.
Although the UHV project has significant economic and technological advantages, the relevant argumentation process is not "smooth."
Without democracy there is no science. Speaking of various voices, Shu Yinzhao, deputy general manager of the State Grid Corporation of China, relieved himself: “Any major project launched will face different opinions. The more intense the debate, the more important the importance of the project itself. We take every disagreement As a subject to be studied, we must thank those experts who hold different opinions. Their opinions allow us to make our work more solid."
In the face of different opinions, the original intention of the State Grid Corporation of China is not changed and its goal is firm. Having experienced pains and hardships, every builder knows deeply that this is a bitter fight with wisdom and perseverance. They sink to their hearts, endure loneliness, work hard, and use scientific argumentation to lay the foundation and attack difficulties.
The 16-character principle of "science demonstration, demonstration first, independent innovation, and solid progress" is the basic principle for the development of UHV power grids.
In order to come up with convincing conclusions, the State Grid Corporation's demonstration work is more careful and meticulous.
In line with the principle of scientific and democratic decision-making on major issues, the State Grid Corporation of China first established a mechanism for the examination and verification of major technical problems by an expert academician advisory group, and exchanged views with domestic and foreign institutions and experts in the UHV field to widely listen to opinions from all sectors of society. And suggestions, actively entrust the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the State Council Development Research Center and other authoritative organizations to conduct consultation and demonstration on the key issues of developing the UHV.
At the same time, the State Grid Corporation of China has fully utilized the company’s scientific research forces, and China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute, Nanjing Automation Research Institute, State Grid Beijing Economic and Technical Research Institute, and Electric Power Construction Research Institute have established UHV. The key technology research group will seriously carry out UHV research and demonstration work.
Many times, in order to ensure the reliability of results, the research of a topic is often carried out by several units at the same time, and the best solution is selected through comparison.
The environmental indicators of the UHV power grid have received extensive attention. The State Grid Corporation of China specially organized the authority experts of the Institute of Electrical Engineering, the Wuhan Institute of High Energy and environmental research to conduct research. The company’s leadership has held several special meetings and repeated studies, resulting in such a Conclusion: By adopting design technology measures, the electromagnetic environmental impact of UHV lines will be controlled at the same level as 500 kV transmission lines.
The pilot demonstration project is very important for verifying the characteristics of the UHV power grid. The State Grid Corporation of China seriously carried out the formulation and comparison of this engineering plan. After repeated considerations and extensive opinions, the preferred solution for the development of Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen was finally formed.
According to incomplete statistics, a total of more than 2,000 people directly participated in and assumed the research and consulting work for UHV power grids. Among them, there are more than 30 academicians, more than 300 professors and professor-level senior engineers, more than 800 senior engineers and doctors, and over 1,000 engineers, graduate students, and other personnel. Huang Yicheng, Shi Dazhao, Zhao Xizheng and many other old leaders and old experts in the power industry also participated in and supported the UHV work in different ways.
“The scale of such research is so prudent and rigorous. This is rare in the domestic research field.†An academician from the Chinese Academy of Engineering who participated in the consultation was quite impressed.
In June 2005, the UHV Power Transmission Technology Symposium organized by the National Development and Reform Commission was held in Beidaihe, Hebei Province. Experts from various perspectives gathered to discuss the UHV development issue.
On the venue, the data provided by the State Grid Corporation in front of everyone was as much as half a meter thick. These research summaries have elaborated on the issues involved in UHV, and provided research reports and data on UHV in China since 1986. Many old experts said with emotion: "Regardless of the UHV itself, the demonstration process reflects the broad mind and scientific spirit of the State Grid Corporation of China as a responsible and super-large state-owned enterprise."
After the two meetings, the recognition and support of the project has become the consensus of the vast majority of experts.
Chen Gesong, an employee of the State Grid Corporation of China who participated in the previous demonstration, remembered the days: "Until night, the company was often brightly lit. From the company's leadership to the specific staff members, they all remained at the front line of work and could not bear it. Sleeping in the office for a while, even the dreams are the subject of the UHV argument."
In response, Liu Zhenya said with emotion: "The realization of power grid technology upgrades is the responsibility of power grid companies. In the face of pressure, giving up is an easy decision. But as a company responsible for the cause of the party and the people, we cannot choose to be relaxed."
With the continuous deepening of the demonstration work, the scientific discussion of UHV has also been continuously formed: there is no insurmountable technical problem for UHV; UHV has good economics; UHV is in line with China's national conditions; UHV power grid security issues can be controlled ......
In November 2005, the Chinese Academy of Engineering formed an UHV Advisory Group consisting of 27 academicians and 7 experts. The “Think Tankâ€, a group of authoritative experts in China's energy and mining, machinery and transportation, civil engineering, water conservancy and construction and engineering management fields, conducted in-depth research and repeated demonstrations on the construction of UHV transmission technologies and pilot demonstration projects.
After careful argumentation, they submitted the "Advisory Opinions on China's UHV Transmission Research and Project Construction" (hereinafter referred to as "opinions"). The "Opinions" pointed out that it is necessary for China to accelerate the research and application of UHV power transmission. The experimental demonstration project plan meets the requirements. It is recommended to be included in the nationalization support project and be included in the national long-term science and technology development plan, high-tech industry plan and major equipment independence. Innovation plan.
The State Council Development Research Center submitted a report entitled “Research on Energy Transmission in Chinaâ€, which comprehensively analyzed the cost of UHV transmission and coal transportation, proposed the simultaneous transmission of power transmission and coal transportation, and made current proposals for the development of transmission.
On June 3, 2005, the construction of the UHV transmission and transformation demonstration line and the localization of power transmission and transformation equipment were included in the national energy work points for the past two years. On February 9, 2006, the State Council's "Mid-term and Long-term Scientific and Technical Planning Outline (2006-2020)" issued by the State Council called for a major focus on research and development of large-capacity long-distance DC transmission technologies and UHV AC transmission technologies and equipment.
In the grand national strategic goal of building an innovative country and a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, the State Grid Corporation's idea on the development of UHV power grids is in perfect harmony with the country's major policies.
The 20-month demonstration process is hard and lonely. However, it is precisely this process that makes the demonstration of perfection and perfection.
On August 9th, 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission formally approved the demonstration project of the UHV AC test in Nanyang and Jingmen in southeastern Shanxi. "Reply" stressed that it is necessary to develop and implement UHV transmission technology as soon as possible. The construction of the UHV AC pilot demonstration project will become a revolution in China's power grid development and transmission technology.
When this exciting news came, the State Grid Corporation immediately held a party meeting. Without being overly immersed in excitement, calm thinking and pragmatic deployment became the theme of the conference. "Independent innovation and development of the UHV will surely face many new tests. The burden on our shoulders is even heavier." With regard to this, the expressions of the members of the party group are very calm.
Innovation: "Mount Qomolangma" climbing the grid
In the face of the Everest, the UHV power grid, innovation has become the main line of development. UHV will lead China's power grid technology and electrical equipment manufacturing to reach the top of the world...
April 19, 2006, Beijing, China Intellectual Property Protection Exhibition.
Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council came to visit and heard that Zhao Zunlian, the chief engineer of State Grid Corporation of China, introduced the 1000 kV high voltage technology under development and nodded frequently: “Our countries, big in size, use a lot of electricity and should adopt and develop advanced technologies. technology."
In the face of the Everest, the UHV power grid, innovation has become the main line of development. Challenges are everywhere and opportunities are accompanied.
State Grid Corporation of China proposed to speed up the construction of a strong national power grid focusing on UHV power grids, directly facing the frontier issues of international power grid technology, and providing an important platform for promoting major technological upgrading of the power industry and seizing the commanding heights of world power grid technology.
As early as the 1970s and 1980s, the Soviet Union, the United States, Italy, Japan, Brazil, and Canada successively carried out experimental studies or engineering practices of UHV AC transmission technologies. However, because of political and economic reasons, they stopped testing or stepped down.
Wu Yusheng, deputy chief engineer of the State Grid Corporation of China, analyzed that China’s system conditions and technical requirements are different from those in the countries of the former Soviet Union and Japan. Therefore, there is no ready-made experience for China’s development of UHV technology, and it must be combined with the reality of China’s power grid. The situation and development trend have come out of a road of independent innovation that suits our national conditions.
As one expert who has long been engaged in the study of electric power technology, said: “The world's grid technology problems are in China, and the driving force of innovation is also in China.â€
On April 26, 2005, the International Symposium on UHV Transmission Technology was held in Beijing. Originally planned for the largest-scale professional technical seminar for 100 people, the number of enrolled people exceeded 200, and eventually more than 260 representatives attended the conference. International counterparts to China The enthusiasm of UHV power grids exceeds people's imagination.
"This is a big stage." A U.S. expert's admiration for my country's peers is full of words.
Wan Heming, deputy chief engineer of Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute, can finally show his skill.
After learning that the State Grid Corporation will carry out the construction of the UHV power grid, he was very excited. The expert who began to pay attention to UHV research since the 1990s, because of UHV has been lacking in application prospects, had to face the dilemma of continuous loss of researchers and research results are useless.
Guan Zhicheng, a Tsinghua University professor who also pays attention to the development of high-voltage technology, has been looking forward to the realization of UHV transmission and transformation projects in the world as soon as possible. “This is the desire of several generations in the field of high-voltage technology, and our country’s engineering needs will produce enormous impact on scientific research. Traction."
In the face of many world-class problems to be solved and problems unique to China's UHV power grids, the State Grid Corporation of China strives to enhance its capability for independent innovation. While accelerating the integration of scientific and technological resources, it has continuously strengthened cooperation with universities and other research institutes. The research and technical personnel of the State Grid Corporation faced difficulties and achieved fruitful results in a short period of time.
Since the launch of the UHV power transmission project at the end of 2004, in order to grasp its technical characteristics, identify the existing problems, and propose solutions, the State Grid Corporation of China organized and implemented nearly a hundred key technical research topics. These projects cover the current technology and equipment technology. Test technology, operating technology, electromagnetic environment, construction period and other aspects.
The problem of external insulation and insulation coordination is a key issue in UHV technology research. To find out the insulation characteristics of UHV power grids in high altitude areas. Wan Hexuan and his team have come to Qinghai and Tibet for experiments on many occasions. In the thin snow-covered plateau, climbing several stairs will be breathless, not to mention a series of complicated tests. In an arduous environment, they are persevering, forget about work, and have completed experiments in a short period of time. They have obtained valuable information and data.
On November 12, 2005, Liu Zhenya was officially published as the editor of the UHV Grid. "Science & Technology Daily" published a commentary that pointed out that the book filled the gap in professional research in the field of UHV technology, indicating that China's higher voltage level technical theory research has reached the international advanced level.
In March 2006, the State Grid Corporation edited and published the "Ultra High Voltage AC/DC Transmission Technology Research Achievements Album."
On August 10, 2006, the State Grid Corporation’s UHV DC test base was laid in Beijing's Zhongguancun Science Park. After the completion of the project, a pilot study will be conducted on ± 800 kV UHVDC power transmission and operation technology. Its 12 equipment indicators or test performance will be the world's leading position.
Wang Zhixue, the deputy secretary-general of the Ministry of Science and Technology who participated in the foundation laying ceremony, pointed out that the construction of the base is a major measure for the full implementation of the scientific concept of development. It has great practical significance and far-reaching history for accelerating China's power infrastructure construction and building a harmonious society. influences.
Immediately afterwards, the UHV AC test base will also formally form the foundation in the near future.
It is these achievements with independent intellectual property rights and innovative significance that solve the key problems in the development of UHV test demonstration projects, and basically grasp the characteristics of power transmission and transformation technologies and the basic characteristics of UHV power grids. It laid the foundation for the feasibility study of the UHV transmission project and successfully passed the review and provided the technical basis for the engineering design and the preparation of the main equipment specification.
A researcher who has participated in the research work of UHV technology, the words are true: "We are grateful for the opportunities given by the times and we will surely create a new era."
UHV will lead China's power grid technology level in the forefront of the world, occupying the commanding heights of the world's power grid technology. At the same time, UHV will also provide a huge market space for China's electrical equipment manufacturing industry and enhance the company's ability to independently innovate in science and technology. Many companies regard UHV as a major opportunity for the development of electrical equipment industry to achieve leapfrog development.
In June 2006, government departments, power grid companies and equipment manufacturers came together to discuss the development of UHV power transmission and transformation equipment.
At the meeting, China National Machine Association stated that the development of UHV power transmission and transformation technology will drive the development of related manufacturing industries, comprehensively upgrade the level of domestic power transmission and transformation equipment manufacturing, and make domestic ultra-high voltage power transmission and transformation equipment manufacturing technology more mature and realize China's AC power transmission equipment manufacturing technology upgrades to improve the industry's international competitiveness.
To develop UHV, equipment is the key. Invites foreign research institutions to introduce equipment research and development, organize domestic and foreign manufacturers to jointly discuss and strive to promote the joint development of China and foreign countries.... The State Grid Corporation of China actively created conditions and spared no effort to promote the localization of equipment.
Currently, 5-inch thyristors have been widely used in ±500 kV DC transmission projects and have a rated current of only 3000 amps. If directly applied to ± 800 kV DC UHV transmission project, its transmission power is only 4.8 million kilowatts. In order to expand the transmission power, the State Grid Corporation of China has been self-pressurizing and decided to independently develop and apply 6-inch thyristors for the first time in the world. The rated current will be increased to 4000 amps and the transmission power of ±800 kV DC UHV transmission projects will be increased to 6.4 million kilowatts. .
According to Wang Ji-nian, chairman of XJ Group, the research and development of this technology is conducive to the development of independent innovation. It can not only break the technological monopoly of foreign companies, but also greatly enhance China’s core competitiveness in the field of DC transmission and is extremely strong. The significance of innovation.
XJ Group, which is ranked first in the domestic secondary equipment manufacturing for power transmission and transformation equipment, will strive to produce a sample of converter valve components based on 6-inch thyristors this year.
"Without industrial innovation, there will be no national development. Manufacturing must become the foundation of national industry. The development of ultra-high voltage power grids in China will certainly accelerate the process of localization of power system equipment technologies." Wang Jiiann said that China's power equipment manufacturing The voice of the company.
Leapfrogging: A New Starting Point for Development
The UHV AC pilot demonstration project that spans “three provinces and two networks†will become a wonderful starting point for the grand blueprint of the UHV power grid in the future...
The first 1000 kV AC UHV pilot demonstration project in China with a total length of 653.8 km, including three stations and two lines, starting at the 1,000 kV substation in Changzhi, Shanxi Province, and ending at Jingmen, Hubei Province, via the Nanyang Switching Station in Henan Province. Substations, connecting the two major power grids in North China and Central China, will be completed and put into operation in 2008.
Yu Gang, deputy general manager of China Electric Power Consulting Group, asserted: "This project will open a new stage of development for the national grid."
In the eyes of Yu Xinqiang, director of the Ministry of Construction and Transportation Department of the State Grid Corporation of China, this test demonstration project embodies a lot of expectations: master the key technologies of the 1000-kilovolt AC transmission system, and fully realize autonomous planning, scientific research, system design, engineering design, and equipment manufacturing. Construction commissioning and operation maintenance, safe and reliable construction, independent innovation, commercial operation, world-class exchange UHV exemplary projects.
The expert group of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, which has demonstrated this project, believes that after the project is completed, it will pass the rigorous tests and operational assessments and be fully transferred to commercial operations. This will become an important channel for energy transmission in China, and will be conducive to the realization of the North China and Central China power grids. The water and fire adjustment and complementary advantages have good application prospects.
After the Jindongnan-Jingmen UHV pilot demonstration project is completed and put into operation, it is planned to construct the southeastern Shanxi-North Shaanxi, southeastern Shanxi, Beijing and Jingmen-Wuhan UHV projects and the Huainan-Wuhu-Zhebei-Shanghai UHV project. During the period, the UHV AC transmission line will reach 4,200 kilometers with a capacity of 39 million kVA. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of the Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba hydropower plants during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the ±800 kV UHVDC project of the Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu Hydropower Stations will be started in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.
The fast and efficient power “highway†will realize the reasonable flow of energy throughout the country with the construction and development of the UHV power grid.
Around 2010, the million-volt power transmission channel that runs through the north and south will closely link North China and Central China. By 2020, the national power grid UHV backbone backbone will be basically formed, and the national grid cross-regional transportation capacity will exceed 200 million kilowatts, accounting for more than 20% of the country's total installed capacity. By then, it will be possible to transport long-distance and large-capacity transnational power from China to neighboring countries.
After conducting an in-depth analysis of the economics of UHV, the experts of the Beijing Economic and Technical Research Institute of the State Grid have concluded that by 2020, through the networking benefits obtained by each other as a backup, water and fire, the reserve capacity can be effectively reduced. In order to reduce the installed capacity of about 20 million kilowatts and save about 82.3 billion yuan in power construction investment; due to the difference in regional coal prices, the thermal power capacity of Nortel South can reach 55 million kilowatts, compared to the separate operation of regional power grids, the annual coal-fired The cost is reduced by about RMB 24 billion; in addition, the construction of an UHV power grid can effectively reduce the short-circuit current of the 500-kilovolt power grid and reduce the reconstruction cost of the 500-kilovolt power grid. The good application prospects and market demand of UHV power grids have made the decision-makers of the governments of various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) pay high attention to and enthusiasm for their construction. Active support has been given to land acquisition and line corridor selection of UHV power grids. .
In 2006, the State Grid Corporation of China and 24 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) signed a power grid development cooperation agreement. During each meeting, local governments will take the initiative to understand the progress of the UHV power grid. Yu Zhengsheng, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and secretary of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee, affirmed: “The decision to build an UHV power grid will certainly play an important role in the rational development and utilization of China’s energy, reducing the strain on coal and electricity transportation, and ensuring the power supply. Strongly support the construction of the UHV power grid of the State Grid Corporation of China.†The governments of Shanxi, Henan, and other places also expressed the hope that the UHV project will be started early, put into production as early as possible, and play an effective role as soon as possible.
Leaders in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Tianjin, and Jiangxi all hope that the ultra-high voltage power grids will send more power locally to meet the need for sustained growth in economic development. Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places hope to achieve large-scale power transmission through UHV projects, and promote the centralized development and efficient use of hydraulic and coal resources.
In the face of historical opportunities, the State Grid Corporation of China has made careful arrangements and a series of advance deployments have provided strong protection for the construction of UHV power grids, equipment manufacturing and operations in the future. There is an organic interaction and mutual promotion between the transformation of the grid development mode and the transformation of the company's development mode.
During the construction of the UHV transmission project, the State Grid Corporation of China will continue to give full play to its advantages in group operation, gather wisdom from all parties, coordinate the forces of all parties, and insist on safety and reliability as the primary principle, and go all out to promote the construction of UHV projects.
The company has established a target system including quality objectives, safe and civilized construction goals, and environmental goals. It will combine the characteristics of the UHV AC pilot demonstration project, actively carry out management innovation and technological innovation, establish a standardized and efficient construction management system and scientific rigorous Management system, vigorously carry out design optimization and design innovation, vigorously advocate the application of new technologies, new materials, and new processes, vigorously promote advanced and reliable applicable technologies, and promote the revolutionary progress of construction technology and construction technology. With strict organization, careful planning, strict requirements, and scientific management, we will fully implement the construction and implementation work and strive to build UHV AC pilot demonstration projects into advanced technologies.
Good quality, standard management, reliable operation of quality projects.
In August 2006, Tian Qing, a doctoral graduate from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, came to the first-line unit of the cross-regional power grid to participate in practical exercises. As one of the first batch of reserve personnel for UHV operations, he was full of energy in UHV power grids: “The UHV power grid has enabled China’s power grid to truly enter the world’s leading ranks and can become China’s first batch of UHV power grid operating personnel. I We are very proud of it. We will study assiduously and work hard to create a world-class operational level.â€
Strategy for the piano, innovation for the string, grid development, the pace 铿锵 ......
National Grid People are creating a bright future for China's power grid and even the entire power industry, with a sense of responsibility and mission.
On January 9, 2006, General Secretary Hu Jintao emphasized at the National Science and Technology Conference that, in key areas related to the lifeline of the national economy and national security, real core technologies and key technologies cannot be bought and must rely on independent innovation. It is necessary to make the enterprise truly become the main body of research and development investment, the main body of technological innovation activities and the main body of application of innovation results, and comprehensively enhance the ability of independent innovation of enterprises.
On April 19, 2006, Premier Wen Jiabao paid a visit to the 1000 kV UHV AC transmission technology exhibition that the State Grid Corporation of China is developing at the exhibition on the protection of intellectual property rights in China. He pointed out: “We have a large electricity consumption in such a large country. Advanced technologies should be adopted and developed."
Following the strong voice of the times, the ardent expectations of the party and government have become the inexhaustible driving force for the State Grid Corporation to seek to leapfrog.
August 19, 2006, this day will surely go down in history. The foundation of the UHV test demonstration project in China was laid, and the power industry once again stood at a new starting point for development.
This is a leap in the development of the power grid. The dreams of several generations of power grids are now becoming a reality. The development mode of China's power grids has opened a new chapter. The "big play" with UHV as the focus and coordinated development of power grids at all levels has kicked off.
This is a leap of scientific spirit. More than 2,000 scientists and technicians, including more than 30 academicians and more than 300 professors, took part... The almost exacting scientific attitude was demonstrated in every aspect of the demonstration, research, and construction process.
This is a leap in independent innovation. China's power grid technology and electrical equipment manufacturing will not have to follow the trend of large Western countries and multinational companies. The ability of innovation and the level of innovation will be fully enhanced. China's power grid is beginning to reach the peak of the world's science and technology.
This is a leap in China's energy development. With the foundation of the UHV test demonstration project, the new energy structure in China has begun to emerge. The efficient allocation of energy resources across the country has become possible, and UHV provides a strong barrier to China's energy security.
This is a breakthrough accomplished with a mission and loyalty. The builders use their own actions to practice the spirit of the national grid of “strive to surpass and pursue excellenceâ€.
The UHV is the crystallization of ideological emancipation, theoretical innovation, and courage to practice; the UHV is a combination of the wisdom of light and the spirit of science; UHV is the choice of history, reality, and the future!
Breakthrough: Reflections on Energy Dilemmas
The construction of UHV power grids is a reasonable “handling†of energy, and it is also an active responsibility for historical responsibility...
Breakthroughs in history often begin with the predicament of reality.
In Changsha, candles are out of stock; in Hangzhou, temporary traffic lights are activated; national power cuts from South China, East China and North China are limited...
People cannot forget that less than three years after the wheel of history entered the new century, our country has suffered a "labor pain" of lack of electricity.
What goes hand in hand with power shortages is the overall tension in coal supply and transportation. Electricity supply has become the focus of attention of all sectors of society. With shortages or surpluses, our country's electricity oscillates back and forth between the two. People can not help but ask: As a symbol of industrial civilization, China's electric power development can not get out of this vicious circle?
At the end of 2004, the Sanguang DC project was in the process of acceptance.
In the swift Chinese bus, warm conversation caused people to forget the journey. Liu Zhenya, party secretary and general manager of the State Grid Corporation of China, put forward a well-thought-out proposal to the leaders of the National Development and Reform Commission of the same vehicle: “The weak power grid is an important cause of power shortages, and we must fundamentally solve the problem of “gripping†of the power grid. Our country should carry out the construction of UHV power grids, which is a key to solving the problem of coal, electricity and oil transportation."
The proposal was approved by Ma Kai, the deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission, and Zhang Guobao, deputy director of the National Development and Reform Commission. At the follow-up inspection and concluding meeting, Ma Kai emphasized that UHV is a very good idea and method for solving energy problems, and proposed that "in the power planning to study and consider."
"Ultra High Voltage", the long-awaited word, first appeared in the eyes of policymakers.
According to Ohm's law, the power industry has two ways to increase the transport capacity: lower resistance and higher voltage. The prospects for the former's actual application are still ambiguous. Therefore, the increase in voltage has become an important symbol of the continuous progress of the electric power industry. China's UHV refers to the exchange of 1000 kV and DC ±800 kV voltage levels, which will greatly enhance the transmission capacity of China's power grid.
The construction of an UHV power grid is not an improvisation proposal, but rather a prudent proposal made by the party group of the State Grid Corporation after making a comprehensive and in-depth consideration of the energy structure in China.
In recent years, the problem of the shortage of coal, electricity, and oil in China has been caused by the unbalanced pattern of energy allocation, especially the unbalanced distribution of resources and productivity. Among them, the tension in oil is caused by the shortage of resources; the tension in coal and electricity transportation is caused by the development of electricity in the pursuit of local regional balance. The essence of the problem of power development is the lack of understanding of the functional positioning of the power grid, the lack of long-term investment in the power grid, and the lag in development, resulting in insufficient capacity for optimizing the allocation of energy resources.
Liu Zhenya, who has been working in electric power, is keenly aware that such a development approach is not in line with China’s national conditions and cannot meet the requirements for sustainable energy development in China.
China is a country where the distribution of primary energy and electricity load is extremely uneven. Western energy is abundant. More than two-thirds of the country's economically exploitable hydropower resources are distributed in Sichuan, Tibet, and Yunnan. More than two-thirds of coal resources are distributed in Shanxi, Shaanxi, and western Inner Mongolia.
However, experts predict that by 2020 China’s total electricity consumption will increase by 3.25 trillion kWh compared to 2000, of which more than two-thirds are concentrated in the central and eastern regions. Most of these areas lack primary energy. With the westward and northward shift of national energy development, and the gradual depletion of resources in the eastern old mining areas, the energy transmission distance between the energy producing areas and the energy consumption areas is getting farther and farther and the scale is increasing. The distance between the western energy base and the eastern load center is between 500 and 2000 kilometers.
The economy of our country is developing at a high speed and the power load is growing rapidly. At present, the 500-kilovolt power grid has begun to suffer from insufficient transportation capacity and tight transmission corridors. The existing ultra-high voltage transmission technology cannot meet the needs of future power growth, and must accelerate the development of the power grid and technological innovation, and drive the construction of higher-voltage-rated power grids. The structural optimization and scientific development of the power industry meet the sustained and rapid economic and social development.
Lu Yanchang, Chairman of the China Electrical Engineering Society, used several sets of figures to explain the advantages of the UHV power grid: The transmission power of a 1000 kV UHV AC transmission line is close to 5 million kilowatts, which is about 4 to 5 times that of a 500 kilovolt line; ±800 kV DC UHV transmission capacity of up to 6.4 million kilowatts is more than twice the ± 500 kilovolt line. At the same time, UHV AC lines can deliver up to 3 times the farthest transmission distance while delivering the same power, while the loss is only 25% to 40% of the 500 kV line. Conveying the same power, using 1000 kV line transmission compared to 500 kV lines can save 60% of the land resources.
According to Dr. Tang Yuan, director of the Department of Industry and Trade Research of the State Council, the main line for future power development should adjust the power development structure according to the “three major and one special†train of thought for large coal-fired power stations, large hydropower bases, large nuclear power bases, and special high-voltage power grids. The construction of ultra-high voltage power grids can promote the transformation of coal power stations in-situ and the large-scale development of hydropower, forming the advantages of centralized development. It is the key to improving energy utilization efficiency, ensuring energy security, and effectively solving the problem of extremely uneven distribution of China's energy resources and power load distribution.
When optimizing the allocation of energy resources across the country becomes an inevitable and urgent choice, high-voltage, large-capacity, long-distance, low-loss power transmission grids are closely linked to this need.
On December 27, 2004, Liu Zhenya elaborated on the necessity, feasibility and urgency of developing the UHV power grid at the extended meeting of the State Grid Corporation of China.
Liu Zhenya believes that the construction of UHV power grids is the fundamental guarantee for implementing the scientific concept of development to meet the growing power demand, and is an inevitable choice to improve the overall efficiency and efficiency of the power industry, and is to realize optimal allocation of resources and promote energy in China. The basic approach to efficient development and utilization is an important condition for cultivating and developing the national electricity market. It is a major initiative for the independent innovation of the electric power industry and is of great significance for the promotion of sustainable economic and social development and the building of a well-off society in an all-round way.
The idea of ​​building an UHV power grid is clear and clear.
On the same day, State Grid Corporation of China established the Leading Group for UHV grid projects.
The idea of ​​building a strong national power grid with the focus on UHV power grids and the coordinated development of power grids at all levels has immediately raised the attention and strong support from the party and government as well as from all walks of life.
The National Development and Reform Commission has conducted serious research on the development of the UHV power grid and has actively supported it. On February 16, 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Notice on Conducting Pre-research Work on the Million-volt-class AC and ± 800,000 Volt-class HVDC Transmission Technologies." The preliminary study of the UHV project entered a substantive stage. On a series of major issues such as pre-research, technical demonstration, and localization of equipment, the National Development and Reform Commission held several meetings, unified deployment, and active promotion.
Departments of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the State Electricity Regulatory Commission, China Machine Link, and China Electric Power Union also attach great importance to the UHV transmission project and provide support and guidance in many aspects of research and demonstration.
Economists regard the UHV power grid as a step-by-step approach to ease the tension in coal, electricity and oil transportation and crack the energy chessboard in China; Eastern developed provinces regard the UHV power grid as the cornerstone for ensuring energy security and ensuring the sustained and stable development of the regional economy; The western provinces believe that UHV is a powerful propeller that transforms resource advantages into economic advantages and realizes leap-forward development.
It is under the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council that the UHV has gradually become a reality under the utmost support of all sectors of society. For the State Grid Corporation of China, the development of an UHV power grid is undoubtedly a "handling" of energy. At the same time, it actively shoulders arduous social responsibilities.
Argument: Leading a Scientific Spirit
To the surprise of the experts, the argumentation material placed before each person was half a meter thick on the venue. Full research and rigorous verification have become the most effective means of communication...
“Is it necessary to build a UHV power grid in China?†“How economical is the UHV power grid?†“Is the safety of UHV grids guaranteed?†“At present, there are no commercial UHV power grids in the world, relying on our own Is ability feasible?"...
Every innovation is a breakthrough to the tradition and will always receive attention from all sides. The construction of the Three Gorges Project is the same as the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and construction of the UHV power grid is no exception.
Although the UHV project has significant economic and technological advantages, the relevant argumentation process is not "smooth."
Without democracy there is no science. Speaking of various voices, Shu Yinzhao, deputy general manager of the State Grid Corporation of China, relieved himself: “Any major project launched will face different opinions. The more intense the debate, the more important the importance of the project itself. We take every disagreement As a subject to be studied, we must thank those experts who hold different opinions. Their opinions allow us to make our work more solid."
In the face of different opinions, the original intention of the State Grid Corporation of China is not changed and its goal is firm. Having experienced pains and hardships, every builder knows deeply that this is a bitter fight with wisdom and perseverance. They sink to their hearts, endure loneliness, work hard, and use scientific argumentation to lay the foundation and attack difficulties.
The 16-character principle of "science demonstration, demonstration first, independent innovation, and solid progress" is the basic principle for the development of UHV power grids.
In order to come up with convincing conclusions, the State Grid Corporation's demonstration work is more careful and meticulous.
In line with the principle of scientific and democratic decision-making on major issues, the State Grid Corporation of China first established a mechanism for the examination and verification of major technical problems by an expert academician advisory group, and exchanged views with domestic and foreign institutions and experts in the UHV field to widely listen to opinions from all sectors of society. And suggestions, actively entrust the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the State Council Development Research Center and other authoritative organizations to conduct consultation and demonstration on the key issues of developing the UHV.
At the same time, the State Grid Corporation of China has fully utilized the company’s scientific research forces, and China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute, Nanjing Automation Research Institute, State Grid Beijing Economic and Technical Research Institute, and Electric Power Construction Research Institute have established UHV. The key technology research group will seriously carry out UHV research and demonstration work.
Many times, in order to ensure the reliability of results, the research of a topic is often carried out by several units at the same time, and the best solution is selected through comparison.
The environmental indicators of the UHV power grid have received extensive attention. The State Grid Corporation of China specially organized the authority experts of the Institute of Electrical Engineering, the Wuhan Institute of High Energy and environmental research to conduct research. The company’s leadership has held several special meetings and repeated studies, resulting in such a Conclusion: By adopting design technology measures, the electromagnetic environmental impact of UHV lines will be controlled at the same level as 500 kV transmission lines.
The pilot demonstration project is very important for verifying the characteristics of the UHV power grid. The State Grid Corporation of China seriously carried out the formulation and comparison of this engineering plan. After repeated considerations and extensive opinions, the preferred solution for the development of Jindongnan-Nanyang-Jingmen was finally formed.
According to incomplete statistics, a total of more than 2,000 people directly participated in and assumed the research and consulting work for UHV power grids. Among them, there are more than 30 academicians, more than 300 professors and professor-level senior engineers, more than 800 senior engineers and doctors, and over 1,000 engineers, graduate students, and other personnel. Huang Yicheng, Shi Dazhao, Zhao Xizheng and many other old leaders and old experts in the power industry also participated in and supported the UHV work in different ways.
“The scale of such research is so prudent and rigorous. This is rare in the domestic research field.†An academician from the Chinese Academy of Engineering who participated in the consultation was quite impressed.
In June 2005, the UHV Power Transmission Technology Symposium organized by the National Development and Reform Commission was held in Beidaihe, Hebei Province. Experts from various perspectives gathered to discuss the UHV development issue.
On the venue, the data provided by the State Grid Corporation in front of everyone was as much as half a meter thick. These research summaries have elaborated on the issues involved in UHV, and provided research reports and data on UHV in China since 1986. Many old experts said with emotion: "Regardless of the UHV itself, the demonstration process reflects the broad mind and scientific spirit of the State Grid Corporation of China as a responsible and super-large state-owned enterprise."
After the two meetings, the recognition and support of the project has become the consensus of the vast majority of experts.
Chen Gesong, an employee of the State Grid Corporation of China who participated in the previous demonstration, remembered the days: "Until night, the company was often brightly lit. From the company's leadership to the specific staff members, they all remained at the front line of work and could not bear it. Sleeping in the office for a while, even the dreams are the subject of the UHV argument."
In response, Liu Zhenya said with emotion: "The realization of power grid technology upgrades is the responsibility of power grid companies. In the face of pressure, giving up is an easy decision. But as a company responsible for the cause of the party and the people, we cannot choose to be relaxed."
With the continuous deepening of the demonstration work, the scientific discussion of UHV has also been continuously formed: there is no insurmountable technical problem for UHV; UHV has good economics; UHV is in line with China's national conditions; UHV power grid security issues can be controlled ......
In November 2005, the Chinese Academy of Engineering formed an UHV Advisory Group consisting of 27 academicians and 7 experts. The “Think Tankâ€, a group of authoritative experts in China's energy and mining, machinery and transportation, civil engineering, water conservancy and construction and engineering management fields, conducted in-depth research and repeated demonstrations on the construction of UHV transmission technologies and pilot demonstration projects.
After careful argumentation, they submitted the "Advisory Opinions on China's UHV Transmission Research and Project Construction" (hereinafter referred to as "opinions"). The "Opinions" pointed out that it is necessary for China to accelerate the research and application of UHV power transmission. The experimental demonstration project plan meets the requirements. It is recommended to be included in the nationalization support project and be included in the national long-term science and technology development plan, high-tech industry plan and major equipment independence. Innovation plan.
The State Council Development Research Center submitted a report entitled “Research on Energy Transmission in Chinaâ€, which comprehensively analyzed the cost of UHV transmission and coal transportation, proposed the simultaneous transmission of power transmission and coal transportation, and made current proposals for the development of transmission.
On June 3, 2005, the construction of the UHV transmission and transformation demonstration line and the localization of power transmission and transformation equipment were included in the national energy work points for the past two years. On February 9, 2006, the State Council's "Mid-term and Long-term Scientific and Technical Planning Outline (2006-2020)" issued by the State Council called for a major focus on research and development of large-capacity long-distance DC transmission technologies and UHV AC transmission technologies and equipment.
In the grand national strategic goal of building an innovative country and a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, the State Grid Corporation's idea on the development of UHV power grids is in perfect harmony with the country's major policies.
The 20-month demonstration process is hard and lonely. However, it is precisely this process that makes the demonstration of perfection and perfection.
On August 9th, 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission formally approved the demonstration project of the UHV AC test in Nanyang and Jingmen in southeastern Shanxi. "Reply" stressed that it is necessary to develop and implement UHV transmission technology as soon as possible. The construction of the UHV AC pilot demonstration project will become a revolution in China's power grid development and transmission technology.
When this exciting news came, the State Grid Corporation immediately held a party meeting. Without being overly immersed in excitement, calm thinking and pragmatic deployment became the theme of the conference. "Independent innovation and development of the UHV will surely face many new tests. The burden on our shoulders is even heavier." With regard to this, the expressions of the members of the party group are very calm.
Innovation: "Mount Qomolangma" climbing the grid
In the face of the Everest, the UHV power grid, innovation has become the main line of development. UHV will lead China's power grid technology and electrical equipment manufacturing to reach the top of the world...
April 19, 2006, Beijing, China Intellectual Property Protection Exhibition.
Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council came to visit and heard that Zhao Zunlian, the chief engineer of State Grid Corporation of China, introduced the 1000 kV high voltage technology under development and nodded frequently: “Our countries, big in size, use a lot of electricity and should adopt and develop advanced technologies. technology."
In the face of the Everest, the UHV power grid, innovation has become the main line of development. Challenges are everywhere and opportunities are accompanied.
State Grid Corporation of China proposed to speed up the construction of a strong national power grid focusing on UHV power grids, directly facing the frontier issues of international power grid technology, and providing an important platform for promoting major technological upgrading of the power industry and seizing the commanding heights of world power grid technology.
As early as the 1970s and 1980s, the Soviet Union, the United States, Italy, Japan, Brazil, and Canada successively carried out experimental studies or engineering practices of UHV AC transmission technologies. However, because of political and economic reasons, they stopped testing or stepped down.
Wu Yusheng, deputy chief engineer of the State Grid Corporation of China, analyzed that China’s system conditions and technical requirements are different from those in the countries of the former Soviet Union and Japan. Therefore, there is no ready-made experience for China’s development of UHV technology, and it must be combined with the reality of China’s power grid. The situation and development trend have come out of a road of independent innovation that suits our national conditions.
As one expert who has long been engaged in the study of electric power technology, said: “The world's grid technology problems are in China, and the driving force of innovation is also in China.â€
On April 26, 2005, the International Symposium on UHV Transmission Technology was held in Beijing. Originally planned for the largest-scale professional technical seminar for 100 people, the number of enrolled people exceeded 200, and eventually more than 260 representatives attended the conference. International counterparts to China The enthusiasm of UHV power grids exceeds people's imagination.
"This is a big stage." A U.S. expert's admiration for my country's peers is full of words.
Wan Heming, deputy chief engineer of Wuhan High Voltage Research Institute, can finally show his skill.
After learning that the State Grid Corporation will carry out the construction of the UHV power grid, he was very excited. The expert who began to pay attention to UHV research since the 1990s, because of UHV has been lacking in application prospects, had to face the dilemma of continuous loss of researchers and research results are useless.
Guan Zhicheng, a Tsinghua University professor who also pays attention to the development of high-voltage technology, has been looking forward to the realization of UHV transmission and transformation projects in the world as soon as possible. “This is the desire of several generations in the field of high-voltage technology, and our country’s engineering needs will produce enormous impact on scientific research. Traction."
In the face of many world-class problems to be solved and problems unique to China's UHV power grids, the State Grid Corporation of China strives to enhance its capability for independent innovation. While accelerating the integration of scientific and technological resources, it has continuously strengthened cooperation with universities and other research institutes. The research and technical personnel of the State Grid Corporation faced difficulties and achieved fruitful results in a short period of time.
Since the launch of the UHV power transmission project at the end of 2004, in order to grasp its technical characteristics, identify the existing problems, and propose solutions, the State Grid Corporation of China organized and implemented nearly a hundred key technical research topics. These projects cover the current technology and equipment technology. Test technology, operating technology, electromagnetic environment, construction period and other aspects.
The problem of external insulation and insulation coordination is a key issue in UHV technology research. To find out the insulation characteristics of UHV power grids in high altitude areas. Wan Hexuan and his team have come to Qinghai and Tibet for experiments on many occasions. In the thin snow-covered plateau, climbing several stairs will be breathless, not to mention a series of complicated tests. In an arduous environment, they are persevering, forget about work, and have completed experiments in a short period of time. They have obtained valuable information and data.
On November 12, 2005, Liu Zhenya was officially published as the editor of the UHV Grid. "Science & Technology Daily" published a commentary that pointed out that the book filled the gap in professional research in the field of UHV technology, indicating that China's higher voltage level technical theory research has reached the international advanced level.
In March 2006, the State Grid Corporation edited and published the "Ultra High Voltage AC/DC Transmission Technology Research Achievements Album."
On August 10, 2006, the State Grid Corporation’s UHV DC test base was laid in Beijing's Zhongguancun Science Park. After the completion of the project, a pilot study will be conducted on ± 800 kV UHVDC power transmission and operation technology. Its 12 equipment indicators or test performance will be the world's leading position.
Wang Zhixue, the deputy secretary-general of the Ministry of Science and Technology who participated in the foundation laying ceremony, pointed out that the construction of the base is a major measure for the full implementation of the scientific concept of development. It has great practical significance and far-reaching history for accelerating China's power infrastructure construction and building a harmonious society. influences.
Immediately afterwards, the UHV AC test base will also formally form the foundation in the near future.
It is these achievements with independent intellectual property rights and innovative significance that solve the key problems in the development of UHV test demonstration projects, and basically grasp the characteristics of power transmission and transformation technologies and the basic characteristics of UHV power grids. It laid the foundation for the feasibility study of the UHV transmission project and successfully passed the review and provided the technical basis for the engineering design and the preparation of the main equipment specification.
A researcher who has participated in the research work of UHV technology, the words are true: "We are grateful for the opportunities given by the times and we will surely create a new era."
UHV will lead China's power grid technology level in the forefront of the world, occupying the commanding heights of the world's power grid technology. At the same time, UHV will also provide a huge market space for China's electrical equipment manufacturing industry and enhance the company's ability to independently innovate in science and technology. Many companies regard UHV as a major opportunity for the development of electrical equipment industry to achieve leapfrog development.
In June 2006, government departments, power grid companies and equipment manufacturers came together to discuss the development of UHV power transmission and transformation equipment.
At the meeting, China National Machine Association stated that the development of UHV power transmission and transformation technology will drive the development of related manufacturing industries, comprehensively upgrade the level of domestic power transmission and transformation equipment manufacturing, and make domestic ultra-high voltage power transmission and transformation equipment manufacturing technology more mature and realize China's AC power transmission equipment manufacturing technology upgrades to improve the industry's international competitiveness.
To develop UHV, equipment is the key. Invites foreign research institutions to introduce equipment research and development, organize domestic and foreign manufacturers to jointly discuss and strive to promote the joint development of China and foreign countries.... The State Grid Corporation of China actively created conditions and spared no effort to promote the localization of equipment.
Currently, 5-inch thyristors have been widely used in ±500 kV DC transmission projects and have a rated current of only 3000 amps. If directly applied to ± 800 kV DC UHV transmission project, its transmission power is only 4.8 million kilowatts. In order to expand the transmission power, the State Grid Corporation of China has been self-pressurizing and decided to independently develop and apply 6-inch thyristors for the first time in the world. The rated current will be increased to 4000 amps and the transmission power of ±800 kV DC UHV transmission projects will be increased to 6.4 million kilowatts. .
According to Wang Ji-nian, chairman of XJ Group, the research and development of this technology is conducive to the development of independent innovation. It can not only break the technological monopoly of foreign companies, but also greatly enhance China’s core competitiveness in the field of DC transmission and is extremely strong. The significance of innovation.
XJ Group, which is ranked first in the domestic secondary equipment manufacturing for power transmission and transformation equipment, will strive to produce a sample of converter valve components based on 6-inch thyristors this year.
"Without industrial innovation, there will be no national development. Manufacturing must become the foundation of national industry. The development of ultra-high voltage power grids in China will certainly accelerate the process of localization of power system equipment technologies." Wang Jiiann said that China's power equipment manufacturing The voice of the company.
Leapfrogging: A New Starting Point for Development
The UHV AC pilot demonstration project that spans “three provinces and two networks†will become a wonderful starting point for the grand blueprint of the UHV power grid in the future...
The first 1000 kV AC UHV pilot demonstration project in China with a total length of 653.8 km, including three stations and two lines, starting at the 1,000 kV substation in Changzhi, Shanxi Province, and ending at Jingmen, Hubei Province, via the Nanyang Switching Station in Henan Province. Substations, connecting the two major power grids in North China and Central China, will be completed and put into operation in 2008.
Yu Gang, deputy general manager of China Electric Power Consulting Group, asserted: "This project will open a new stage of development for the national grid."
In the eyes of Yu Xinqiang, director of the Ministry of Construction and Transportation Department of the State Grid Corporation of China, this test demonstration project embodies a lot of expectations: master the key technologies of the 1000-kilovolt AC transmission system, and fully realize autonomous planning, scientific research, system design, engineering design, and equipment manufacturing. Construction commissioning and operation maintenance, safe and reliable construction, independent innovation, commercial operation, world-class exchange UHV exemplary projects.
The expert group of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, which has demonstrated this project, believes that after the project is completed, it will pass the rigorous tests and operational assessments and be fully transferred to commercial operations. This will become an important channel for energy transmission in China, and will be conducive to the realization of the North China and Central China power grids. The water and fire adjustment and complementary advantages have good application prospects.
After the Jindongnan-Jingmen UHV pilot demonstration project is completed and put into operation, it is planned to construct the southeastern Shanxi-North Shaanxi, southeastern Shanxi, Beijing and Jingmen-Wuhan UHV projects and the Huainan-Wuhu-Zhebei-Shanghai UHV project. During the period, the UHV AC transmission line will reach 4,200 kilometers with a capacity of 39 million kVA. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of the Xiluodu and Xiangjiaba hydropower plants during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†period, the ±800 kV UHVDC project of the Xiangjiaba and Xiluodu Hydropower Stations will be started in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.
The fast and efficient power “highway†will realize the reasonable flow of energy throughout the country with the construction and development of the UHV power grid.
Around 2010, the million-volt power transmission channel that runs through the north and south will closely link North China and Central China. By 2020, the national power grid UHV backbone backbone will be basically formed, and the national grid cross-regional transportation capacity will exceed 200 million kilowatts, accounting for more than 20% of the country's total installed capacity. By then, it will be possible to transport long-distance and large-capacity transnational power from China to neighboring countries.
After conducting an in-depth analysis of the economics of UHV, the experts of the Beijing Economic and Technical Research Institute of the State Grid have concluded that by 2020, through the networking benefits obtained by each other as a backup, water and fire, the reserve capacity can be effectively reduced. In order to reduce the installed capacity of about 20 million kilowatts and save about 82.3 billion yuan in power construction investment; due to the difference in regional coal prices, the thermal power capacity of Nortel South can reach 55 million kilowatts, compared to the separate operation of regional power grids, the annual coal-fired The cost is reduced by about RMB 24 billion; in addition, the construction of an UHV power grid can effectively reduce the short-circuit current of the 500-kilovolt power grid and reduce the reconstruction cost of the 500-kilovolt power grid. The good application prospects and market demand of UHV power grids have made the decision-makers of the governments of various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) pay high attention to and enthusiasm for their construction. Active support has been given to land acquisition and line corridor selection of UHV power grids. .
In 2006, the State Grid Corporation of China and 24 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) signed a power grid development cooperation agreement. During each meeting, local governments will take the initiative to understand the progress of the UHV power grid. Yu Zhengsheng, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and secretary of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee, affirmed: “The decision to build an UHV power grid will certainly play an important role in the rational development and utilization of China’s energy, reducing the strain on coal and electricity transportation, and ensuring the power supply. Strongly support the construction of the UHV power grid of the State Grid Corporation of China.†The governments of Shanxi, Henan, and other places also expressed the hope that the UHV project will be started early, put into production as early as possible, and play an effective role as soon as possible.
Leaders in Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Tianjin, and Jiangxi all hope that the ultra-high voltage power grids will send more power locally to meet the need for sustained growth in economic development. Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places hope to achieve large-scale power transmission through UHV projects, and promote the centralized development and efficient use of hydraulic and coal resources.
In the face of historical opportunities, the State Grid Corporation of China has made careful arrangements and a series of advance deployments have provided strong protection for the construction of UHV power grids, equipment manufacturing and operations in the future. There is an organic interaction and mutual promotion between the transformation of the grid development mode and the transformation of the company's development mode.
During the construction of the UHV transmission project, the State Grid Corporation of China will continue to give full play to its advantages in group operation, gather wisdom from all parties, coordinate the forces of all parties, and insist on safety and reliability as the primary principle, and go all out to promote the construction of UHV projects.
The company has established a target system including quality objectives, safe and civilized construction goals, and environmental goals. It will combine the characteristics of the UHV AC pilot demonstration project, actively carry out management innovation and technological innovation, establish a standardized and efficient construction management system and scientific rigorous Management system, vigorously carry out design optimization and design innovation, vigorously advocate the application of new technologies, new materials, and new processes, vigorously promote advanced and reliable applicable technologies, and promote the revolutionary progress of construction technology and construction technology. With strict organization, careful planning, strict requirements, and scientific management, we will fully implement the construction and implementation work and strive to build UHV AC pilot demonstration projects into advanced technologies.
Good quality, standard management, reliable operation of quality projects.
In August 2006, Tian Qing, a doctoral graduate from Huazhong University of Science and Technology, came to the first-line unit of the cross-regional power grid to participate in practical exercises. As one of the first batch of reserve personnel for UHV operations, he was full of energy in UHV power grids: “The UHV power grid has enabled China’s power grid to truly enter the world’s leading ranks and can become China’s first batch of UHV power grid operating personnel. I We are very proud of it. We will study assiduously and work hard to create a world-class operational level.â€
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