Basic concepts of security technology

Basic concepts of security technology

1. Basic concepts of security

● The general concept of security precautions According to the interpretation of the current Chinese dictionary, the so-called security is that there is no danger, no infringement, and no accidents; the so-called precautions are preparedness and alertness, and precautions are prepared to cope with attacks or avoid harm. Alert means prevention and protection.
Based on the above explanation, is it possible to define the following security precautions: be prepared and protected to cope with attacks or avoid harm, so that the protected object is in a safe state without danger, infringement and accidents. Obviously, security is the end, and prevention is the means. To achieve or achieve the goal of security through the means of prevention is the basic meaning of security prevention.
● Two kinds of security concept Security in Chinese has two explanations in English: Safety and Security. The modern advanced English-Chinese dictionary of double interpretations published by Oxford University explains the main body of the word Safety: security, safety, security, insurance (lock), insurance (box), etc .; and the main body of the word Security is: safe, no danger , No worries, provide safe things, free from danger or worries, collateral, collateral, security (police), security (army), etc.
In fact, the security in Chinese is a broad sense of security. It includes two meanings: one refers to the security of natural attributes or quasi-natural attributes, which corresponds to Safety in English, and the other refers to the security of social humanity, namely There is a clear view of the security of attributes, which corresponds to Security. The destruction of the security of natural attributes or quasi-natural attributes is not mainly caused by the purposeful participation of people; the destruction of humanity in society is mainly caused by the purposeful participation of people. Therefore, broadly speaking, security should include the two meanings of Safety and Security, and we often say that security precautions mainly refer to security in a narrow sense, usually called "security" in foreign countries.
● Loss prevention and crime prevention—The professional meaning of security prevention is in the West. Instead of the word “security prevention”, the concepts of loss prevention and crime prevention (Loss PrevenTIon & Crime PrevenTIon) are used. Just as Chinese security and precautions are used together to form a new compound word, in the West, Loss PrevenTIon and Crime PrevenTIon are also used together. Loss prevention and crime prevention constitute two aspects of the Safety / Security problem. Abroad, Loss Prevention usually refers to the focus of the social security industry, while Crime Prevention is the focus of police law enforcement. The organic combination of the two can guarantee social stability and safety. In this sense, loss prevention and crime prevention are the essential content of security precautions.
In summary, security precautions are not only a public security business (police executive department), but also a social public undertaking and social economic undertaking. Their development and progress not only depend on the development and progress of science and technology, but also provide and create a good social environment for the progress and development of science and technology.
● Big public safety concept The so-called big public safety concept is a comprehensive safety concept, which is to provide comprehensive safety services that are always safe and safe everywhere for social public safety. The so-called social public security service guarantee system is a comprehensive security system project (hardware, software) and a joint implementation by the government, government organizations, and all sectors of society (neither by the Ministry of Public Security, nor by an agency within the law enforcement department of the Ministry of Public Security). Management service system. The comprehensive security required by the public includes not only the narrow "security precautions" with anti-theft, anti-robbery, anti-intrusion, and anti-vandalism as the main content, but also includes fire safety, traffic safety, communication safety, information safety, and human body protection, medical rescue prevention Gas leaks and many other things.

2. Three basic precautions for security: civil air defense, physical air defense and technical air defense

Security precautions are part of social public safety, and security precautions are a branch of social public safety. As far as preventive measures are concerned, security includes three categories: human defense, physical (physical) defense and technical defense. Among them, human defense and physical defense are the traditional defenses that have existed in ancient times. They are the basis of security defense. With the continuous progress of science and technology, these traditional defenses are also constantly integrated into the content of new technologies. The concept of technical precaution is a new concept of precaution produced in the process of modern science and technology (initially electronic alarm technology) being used in the field of security precautions and gradually forming an independent precaution. Due to the continuous development and popularization of modern science and technology, the concept of "technical precautions" is becoming more and more popular, and is more and more recognized and accepted by police law enforcement agencies and the public, so that it has become a new vocabulary and technology with high frequency of use. The content of prevention is constantly updated with the advancement of science and technology. In the current era of rapid development of science and technology, it can be said that almost all high and new technologies will be transplanted sooner or later and applied to security work. Therefore, the position and role of "technical defense" in security technology will become more and more important, and it has brought a new revolution in security defense.

The three basic elements of security precautions are: detection, delay and response. Detection (detection) refers to the perception of the occurrence of visible and hidden risk events and sends an alarm; Delay (Delay) refers to the extension and delay of the occurrence of risk events; Response (Response) refers to the organizational force to prevent the occurrence of risk events Quick action. Among the three basic methods of security precautions, to achieve the ultimate goal of prevention, work must be carried out around the three basic prevention elements of detection, delay, and response to take measures to prevent and prevent the occurrence of risk events. Of course, the three precautionary measures have different roles in the process of implementing precautions.
The basic human defense measures (civil defense) are to use people's own sensors (eyes, ears, etc.) to detect and find targets that hinder or destroy safety, and react; to delay or To prevent the occurrence of danger, when there is insufficient power, a signal of help should be sent out in anticipation of a further response to stop the occurrence of the danger or deal with the danger that has occurred.
The main role of physical prevention (physical defense) is to delay the occurrence of danger and provide enough time for "reaction". Modern physical defense is no longer a passive defense of pure material barriers, but more and more high-tech methods are used, on the one hand, the possibility of physical barriers being destroyed is reduced, and the delay time is increased; The physical barrier itself increases the function of detection and response.
Technical precautions can be said to be the extension and strengthening of the functions of human and physical precautions, and they complement and strengthen the technical means of human and physical precautions. It should be integrated into human and physical defense, so that human and physical defense can continuously increase the high-tech content among the three basic elements of detection, delay, and response, and constantly improve detection capabilities, delay capabilities, and response capabilities, so that the prevention means Play a role and achieve the desired purpose.
The three basic elements of detection, delay and response are interconnected and indispensable. On the one hand, the detection must be accurate, the length of the delay time should be appropriate, and the response should be rapid; on the other hand, the total time of the reaction should be less than (at most equal to) the total time of detection plus delay.

3. Security technology and security technology

Security protection technology is a specialized technology used for security protection. In foreign countries, security protection technology is usually divided into three categories: physical technology protection (Physical Protection), electronic protection technology (Electronic Protection), biometrics protection technology (Biometric Protection). The physical defense technology here mainly refers to physical defense technology, such as buildings and physical barriers and various physical facilities, equipment and products (such as doors, windows, cabinets, locks, etc.) that match it; electronic defense technology mainly refers to the application of security Preventive electronics, communications, computer and information processing and related technologies, such as: electronic alarm technology, video surveillance technology, access control technology, computer network technology and various related software, system engineering, etc. Biostatistics prevention technology is a product of the combination of forensic scientific evidence identification technology and pattern recognition in security prevention technology. He mainly refers to a special technology category that uses the biological characteristics of the human body for security technology prevention. It is now widely used. There are fingerprint, palmprint, eyeprint, voiceprint and other recognition and control technologies.
Security technology prevention is a security protection service guarantee system with detection, delay and orderly combination of detection, delay, and response based on the technology of security protection, the basis of human defense, and the means of technical defense and physical defense. He is a public security business and social public undertaking for the purpose of loss prevention and crime prevention. For police law enforcement agencies, security technology prevention is a public security business that uses security technology to carry out security work; and for social economy departments, security technology is to use security technology to provide a security service to the public industry. Since it is an industry, there must be product research and development, as well as systematic design and engineering construction, service and management.

4. Professional system of security technology

Security technology prevention, as a branch of social public safety science and technology, has its relatively independent technical content and professional system. According to the technical status and future development of China's security industry, we can classify security technology according to different disciplines, product attributes and application fields as follows:
● Intrusion detection and anti-theft alarm technology ● Video monitoring technology ● Entrance and exit target identification and control technology ● Alarm information transmission technology ● Mobile target anti-robbery, anti-theft alarm technology ● Community security and social rescue emergency alarm technology ● Physical protection technology ● Explosion-proof security inspection technology ● Security and defense network and system integration technology ● Security and defense engineering design and construction technology Since security and protection technology is a developing and emerging technology field, the division of the above majors has only relative significance. In fact, the above professional technologies themselves involve many different categories of natural sciences and technologies, and they intersect and penetrate each other. The boundaries of the profession will become less and less obvious. The situation will be more and more.

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